有个需求就是，GUI图形界面在上传文件到服务器的时候，需要用zip命令行打包，因为文件很多的时候，zip命令打包需要计算很长时间，所以把这样计算量大的任务分离到后台线程比较合适，然后任务完成，以信号槽机制来通知前台
UI线程处理结果。所以这个线程是需要销毁的，跟之前的一直在运行的后台线程接收网络数据的不一样。
压缩文件的任务类 H文件：
class ZipUpdatePackageTask : public QObject{Q_OBJECTpublic:ZipUpdatePackageTask();~ZipUpdatePackageTask();public slots:void doZip();void beZipFiles(const QStringList& files);signals:void zipFinished();void zipPackageInfo(const QString& fileName, const QString& md5, const QString& size);private:bool beZipFilesIsEmpty();void deleteHistoryZip(const QString& targetPackage);void toBeZipFilesArguments(QString &files);void startZipTask(QString zipExePath, QString targetPackage, QString files);QString getFileMD5(const QString& targetZipPackage);QString getFileSize(const QString& targetZipPackage);private:QStringList m_files;};
压缩任务类的 cpp文件：
ZipUpdatePackageTask::ZipUpdatePackageTask(){}ZipUpdatePackageTask::~ZipUpdatePackageTask(){}void ZipUpdatePackageTask::doZip(){QString appDir = qApp->applicationDirPath();QString zipExePath = QString("%1/%2").arg(appDir).arg("zip.exe");if (QFile::exists(zipExePath) && !beZipFilesIsEmpty()){QString targetZipPackage = QString("%1/%2").arg(appDir).arg("update.zip");QString beZipFiles;toBeZipFilesArguments(beZipFiles);deleteHistoryZip(targetZipPackage);startZipTask(zipExePath, targetZipPackage, beZipFiles);if (QFile::exists(targetZipPackage)){QString size = getFileSize(targetZipPackage);QString md5 = getFileMD5(targetZipPackage);emit zipPackageInfo(targetZipPackage, md5, size);}}emit zipFinished();}void ZipUpdatePackageTask::beZipFiles(const QStringList& files){m_files.clear();m_files = files;}bool ZipUpdatePackageTask::beZipFilesIsEmpty(){return m_files.isEmpty();}void ZipUpdatePackageTask::deleteHistoryZip(const QString& targetPackage){if (QFile::exists(targetPackage)){QDir dir;dir.remove(targetPackage);}}void ZipUpdatePackageTask::toBeZipFilesArguments(QString &files){for (auto file : m_files){files.append(file);files.append(" ");}}void ZipUpdatePackageTask::startZipTask(QString zipExePath, QString targetPackage, QString files){QProcess* zipProcesss = new QProcess;//zip a [zip_package_path_name] [file1Path]...[fileNPath]QString command = QString("%1 a %2 %3").arg(zipExePath).arg(targetPackage).arg(files);zipProcesss->start(command);zipProcesss->waitForFinished(-1);}QString ZipUpdatePackageTask::getFileMD5(const QString& targetZipPackage){QString md5;QFile file(targetZipPackage);if (file.open(QFile::ReadOnly)){QCryptographicHash hash(QCryptographicHash::Md5);if (hash.addData(&file)){md5 = QString(hash.result().toHex());}file.close();}return md5;}QString ZipUpdatePackageTask::getFileSize(const QString& targetZipPackage){QFileInfo fileInf(targetZipPackage);return QString::number(fileInf.size());}
以下是创建这个后台压缩线程的槽函数，当压缩上传的button点击，就调用以下这个槽函数:
void StatisticsWidget::slotUploadPackage(){QThread *zipThread = new QThread;ZipUpdatePackageTask* task = new ZipUpdatePackageTask();QStringList beZipFiles;for (int listRow = 0; listRow < ui->updateFileList->count(); ++listRow){beZipFiles << ui->updateFileList->item(listRow)->text();}task->beZipFiles(beZipFiles);task->moveToThread(zipThread);connect(zipThread, &QThread::started, task, &ZipUpdatePackageTask::doZip);connect(task, SIGNAL(zipFinished()), zipThread, SLOT(quit()));connect(task, &ZipUpdatePackageTask::zipPackageInfo, this, &StatisticsWidget::slotZipFinished,Qt::QueuedConnection);//automatically delete thread and task object when work is done:connect(zipThread, SIGNAL(finished()), task, SLOT(deleteLater()));connect(zipThread, SIGNAL(finished()), zipThread, SLOT(deleteLater()));zipThread->start();}
注意，以上代码都是临时任务和线程，当任务完成以后，由于设置了相应的信号槽，会自动删除。任务线程做完该做的事儿，发出了一个zipPackageInfo的信号就销毁了。UI线程只用编写一个槽函数来接收做完的信号并处理就可以了。
Qt5中创建临时的后台线程。- foo__hack - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)
原文始发于微信公众号（汇编语言）：Qt5中创建临时的后台线程。
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