K8s(v1.26.2)详细安装

2023年3月14日20:39:37评论14 views字数 14695阅读48分59秒阅读模式

参考：

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43580215/article/details/125153959

https://juejin.cn/post/6844903943051411469

https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI0MDQ4MTM5NQ==&mid=2247502359&idx=1&sn=8c16100c9731359b9864403183f44233&chksm=e918af0bde6f261da9f4960c0ed43e1552eeed9ff3ad0ba06bcfef75e3ba9e9d097e1c87a51c&scene=178&cur_album_id=1790241575034290179#rd

https://juejin.cn/post/6952331691524358174#heading-5

https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/releases

https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/web-ui-dashboard/

前置条件

本篇文章，安装大步骤如下：

• 安装docker-ce 18.09.9（所有机器）

• 设置k8s环境前置条件（所有机器）

• 安装k8s v1.26.2 （所有机器）截止到2023.3最新版

• 初始化k8s（master管理节点）

• 安装flannel（master管理节点）

• 安装Dashboard（master管理节点）安装到最后发现因k8s版本太高无法使用

预先安装好了两台虚拟机, centos7(CPUx2, 内存2G)

这里有重要的一步，请记住自己master和node之间通信的ip，如我的master的ip为192.168.140.133，node的ip为：192.168.140.134. 请确保使用这两个ip在master和node上能互相ping通，这个master的ip 192.168.140.133接下来配置k8s的时候需要用到。

安装docker-ce 18.09.9（所有机器）

所有安装k8s的机器都需要安装docker，命令如下：

# 安装docker所需的工具yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2# 配置阿里云的docker源yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo# 指定安装这个版本的docker-ceyum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl --disableexcludes=kubernetes#安装完毕后, 建议将docker源替换为国内. 推荐阿里云镜像加速, 有阿里云账号即可免费使用.阿里云 -> 容器镜像服务 -> 镜像中心 -> 镜像加速# 启动dockersystemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker

设置k8s环境准备条件（所有机器）

安装k8s的机器需要2个CPU和2g内存以上，这个简单，在虚拟机里面配置一下就可以了。然后执行以下脚本做一些准备操作。所有安装k8s的机器都需要这一步操作。

# 关闭防火墙systemctl disable firewalldsystemctl stop firewalld
# 关闭selinux# 临时禁用selinuxsetenforce 0# 永久关闭 修改/etc/sysconfig/selinux文件设置sed -i 's/SELINUX=permissive/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/sysconfig/selinuxsed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
# 禁用交换分区swapoff -a# 永久禁用，打开/etc/fstab注释掉swap那一行。sed -i 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
# 修改内核参数cat <<EOF >  /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.confnet.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1EOFsysctl --system

装k8s v1.26.2（所有机器）

如果还没安装docker，请参照本文步骤二安装docker-ce 18.09.9（所有机器）安装。如果没设置k8s环境准备条件，请参照本文步骤三设置k8s环境准备条件（所有机器）执行。

以上两个步骤检查完毕之后，继续以下步骤。

1. 安装kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl

由于官方k8s源在google，国内无法访问，这里使用阿里云yum源

# 执行配置k8s阿里云源cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo[kubernetes]name=Kubernetesbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/enabled=1gpgcheck=1repo_gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpgEOF
# 安装kubeadm、kubectl、kubeletyum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl --disableexcludes=kubernetes
# 启动kubelet服务systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet

初始化k8s（master管理节点）

以下这个命令开始安装k8s需要用到的docker镜像，因为无法访问到国外网站，所以这条命令使用的是国内的阿里云的源(registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers)。另一个非常重要的是：这里的--apiserver-advertise-address使用的是master和node间能互相ping通的ip，我这里是192.168.140.133，请自己修改下ip执行。

kubeadm init --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version v1.26.2 --apiserver-advertise-address 192.168.140.133 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --token-ttl 0

执行这一步的时候可能会有报错问题不大

kubeadm init --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version v1.26.2 --apiserver-advertise-address 192.168.140.133 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --token-ttl 0[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.26.2[preflight] Running pre-flight checkserror execution phase preflight: [preflight] Some fatal errors occurred:        [ERROR CRI]: container runtime is not running: output: time="2023-03-14T10:49:34+08:00" level=fatal msg="validate service connection: CRI v1 runtime API is not implemented for endpoint "unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock": rpc error: code = Unimplemented desc = unknown service runtime.v1.RuntimeService", error: exit status 1[preflight] If you know what you are doing, you can make a check non-fatal with `--ignore-preflight-errors=...`To see the stack trace of this error execute with --v=5 or higher

K8s(v1.26.2)详细安装

执行下面两条语句：

rm -rf /etc/containerd/config.tomlsystemctl restart containerd

重新执行这个就可以了

kubeadm init --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version v1.26.2 --apiserver-advertise-address 192.168.140.133 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --token-ttl 0

没有报错的话：

这条命令执行时会卡在

[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using ''kubeadm config images pull，大概需要2分钟，请耐心等待。

看到初始化成功即可

K8s(v1.26.2)详细安装

并且会获得一条加入节点的语句记得存一下忘记了也没关系其实

K8s(v1.26.2)详细安装

将node节点加入集群（node节点）

在node节点中输入下面命令每个人的不一样（刚才初始化主节点获得的）

如果忘记保存了命令可以使用kubeadm token create --print-join-command来获取

kubeadm join 192.168.140.133:6443 --token hqyy9b.dami9ysr2lew0ily         --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:52252d1b9edb9a5232ede445582014007560c6e97889094c4ef24a34238cb4cb

执行完毕后可以使用kubectl get nodes命令查看到加入的节点。

K8s(v1.26.2)详细安装

安装flannel（master管理节点）

以上步骤安装完后，机器搭建起来了，但状态还是NotReady状态，如下图，master机器需要安装flanneld。

K8s(v1.26.2)详细安装

1. 下载官方fannel配置文件使用wget命令，地址为：(https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml)，这个地址国内访问可能会有问题

我把内容放在文章最后(fannel配置文件) 你们新建一个名称为kube-flannel.yml文件然后复制到这个文件里面即可

2. 安装fannel

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

K8s(v1.26.2)详细安装

等待几分钟后再次查看

K8s(v1.26.2)详细安装

可以的很完美

至此，k8s集群搭建完成

K8s(v1.26.2)详细安装

安装Dashboard（master管理节点）

如果你按照我安装的k8s版本1.26.2的话目前没有办法使用Dashboard 作者没有更新

K8s(v1.26.2)详细安装

不过教程还是写一下吧留给以后的自己看

1. 部署Dashboard

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.7.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yamlkubectl apply -f recommended.yaml

K8s(v1.26.2)详细安装部署完毕后, 执行kubectl get pods --all-namespaces查看pods状态

K8s(v1.26.2)详细安装

2. 创建用户

创建一个用于登录Dashboard的用户. 创建文件dashboard-adminuser.yaml内容如下:

apiVersion: v1kind: ServiceAccountmetadata:  name: admin-user  namespace: kube-system---apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1kind: ClusterRoleBindingmetadata:  name: admin-userroleRef:  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io  kind: ClusterRole  name: cluster-adminsubjects:- kind: ServiceAccount  name: admin-user  namespace: kube-system

执行命令

kubectl apply -f dashboard-adminuser.yaml

K8s(v1.26.2)详细安装

3. 获取token

其实也可以设置密码个人觉得这种方式比较方便

kubectl -n kube-system create token admin-user

4. 找到服务端口

kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard

5. 浏览器访问

https://192.168.1.42:XXXX

会出现不安全的网站的提示，随便点击 chrome 空白位置，输入 thisisunsafe 即进入登录界面

6. 输入token即可

fannel配置文件

---apiVersion: policy/v1beta1kind: PodSecurityPolicymetadata:  name: psp.flannel.unprivileged  annotations:    seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default    seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default    apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default    apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/defaultspec:  privileged: false  volumes:    - configMap    - secret    - emptyDir    - hostPath  allowedHostPaths:    - pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"    - pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"    - pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"  readOnlyRootFilesystem: false  # Users and groups  runAsUser:    rule: RunAsAny  supplementalGroups:    rule: RunAsAny  fsGroup:    rule: RunAsAny  # Privilege Escalation  allowPrivilegeEscalation: false  defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false  # Capabilities  allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN']  defaultAddCapabilities: []  requiredDropCapabilities: []  # Host namespaces  hostPID: false  hostIPC: false  hostNetwork: true  hostPorts:  - min: 0    max: 65535  # SELinux  seLinux:    # SELinux is unused in CaaSP    rule: 'RunAsAny'---kind: ClusterRoleapiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1metadata:  name: flannelrules:  - apiGroups: ['extensions']    resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']    verbs: ['use']    resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged']  - apiGroups:      - ""    resources:      - pods    verbs:      - get  - apiGroups:      - ""    resources:      - nodes    verbs:      - list      - watch  - apiGroups:      - ""    resources:      - nodes/status    verbs:      - patch---kind: ClusterRoleBindingapiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1metadata:  name: flannelroleRef:  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io  kind: ClusterRole  name: flannelsubjects:- kind: ServiceAccount  name: flannel  namespace: kube-system---apiVersion: v1kind: ServiceAccountmetadata:  name: flannel  namespace: kube-system---kind: ConfigMapapiVersion: v1metadata:  name: kube-flannel-cfg  namespace: kube-system  labels:    tier: node    app: flanneldata:  cni-conf.json: |    {      "name": "cbr0",      "cniVersion": "0.3.1",      "plugins": [        {          "type": "flannel",          "delegate": {            "hairpinMode": true,            "isDefaultGateway": true          }        },        {          "type": "portmap",          "capabilities": {            "portMappings": true          }        }      ]    }  net-conf.json: |    {      "Network": "10.244.0.0/16",      "Backend": {        "Type": "vxlan"      }    }---apiVersion: apps/v1kind: DaemonSetmetadata:  name: kube-flannel-ds-amd64  namespace: kube-system  labels:    tier: node    app: flannelspec:  selector:    matchLabels:      app: flannel  template:    metadata:      labels:        tier: node        app: flannel    spec:      affinity:        nodeAffinity:          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:            nodeSelectorTerms:              - matchExpressions:                  - key: beta.kubernetes.io/os                    operator: In                    values:                      - linux                  - key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch                    operator: In                    values:                      - amd64      hostNetwork: true      tolerations:      - operator: Exists        effect: NoSchedule      serviceAccountName: flannel      initContainers:      - name: install-cni        image: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64        command:        - cp        args:        - -f        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist        volumeMounts:        - name: cni          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d        - name: flannel-cfg          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/      containers:      - name: kube-flannel        image: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64        command:        - /opt/bin/flanneld        args:        - --ip-masq        - --kube-subnet-mgr        resources:          requests:            cpu: "100m"            memory: "50Mi"          limits:            cpu: "100m"            memory: "50Mi"        securityContext:          privileged: false          capabilities:            add: ["NET_ADMIN"]        env:        - name: POD_NAME          valueFrom:            fieldRef:              fieldPath: metadata.name        - name: POD_NAMESPACE          valueFrom:            fieldRef:              fieldPath: metadata.namespace        volumeMounts:        - name: run          mountPath: /run/flannel        - name: flannel-cfg          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/      volumes:        - name: run          hostPath:            path: /run/flannel        - name: cni          hostPath:            path: /etc/cni/net.d        - name: flannel-cfg          configMap:            name: kube-flannel-cfg---apiVersion: apps/v1kind: DaemonSetmetadata:  name: kube-flannel-ds-arm64  namespace: kube-system  labels:    tier: node    app: flannelspec:  selector:    matchLabels:      app: flannel  template:    metadata:      labels:        tier: node        app: flannel    spec:      affinity:        nodeAffinity:          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:            nodeSelectorTerms:              - matchExpressions:                  - key: beta.kubernetes.io/os                    operator: In                    values:                      - linux                  - key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch                    operator: In                    values:                      - arm64      hostNetwork: true      tolerations:      - operator: Exists        effect: NoSchedule      serviceAccountName: flannel      initContainers:      - name: install-cni        image: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm64        command:        - cp        args:        - -f        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist        volumeMounts:        - name: cni          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d        - name: flannel-cfg          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/      containers:      - name: kube-flannel        image: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm64        command:        - /opt/bin/flanneld        args:        - --ip-masq        - --kube-subnet-mgr        resources:          requests:            cpu: "100m"            memory: "50Mi"          limits:            cpu: "100m"            memory: "50Mi"        securityContext:          privileged: false          capabilities:             add: ["NET_ADMIN"]        env:        - name: POD_NAME          valueFrom:            fieldRef:              fieldPath: metadata.name        - name: POD_NAMESPACE          valueFrom:            fieldRef:              fieldPath: metadata.namespace        volumeMounts:        - name: run          mountPath: /run/flannel        - name: flannel-cfg          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/      volumes:        - name: run          hostPath:            path: /run/flannel        - name: cni          hostPath:            path: /etc/cni/net.d        - name: flannel-cfg          configMap:            name: kube-flannel-cfg---apiVersion: apps/v1kind: DaemonSetmetadata:  name: kube-flannel-ds-arm  namespace: kube-system  labels:    tier: node    app: flannelspec:  selector:    matchLabels:      app: flannel  template:    metadata:      labels:        tier: node        app: flannel    spec:      affinity:        nodeAffinity:          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:            nodeSelectorTerms:              - matchExpressions:                  - key: beta.kubernetes.io/os                    operator: In                    values:                      - linux                  - key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch                    operator: In                    values:                      - arm      hostNetwork: true      tolerations:      - operator: Exists        effect: NoSchedule      serviceAccountName: flannel      initContainers:      - name: install-cni        image: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm        command:        - cp        args:        - -f        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist        volumeMounts:        - name: cni          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d        - name: flannel-cfg          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/      containers:      - name: kube-flannel        image: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm        command:        - /opt/bin/flanneld        args:        - --ip-masq        - --kube-subnet-mgr        resources:          requests:            cpu: "100m"            memory: "50Mi"          limits:            cpu: "100m"            memory: "50Mi"        securityContext:          privileged: false          capabilities:             add: ["NET_ADMIN"]        env:        - name: POD_NAME          valueFrom:            fieldRef:              fieldPath: metadata.name        - name: POD_NAMESPACE          valueFrom:            fieldRef:              fieldPath: metadata.namespace        volumeMounts:        - name: run          mountPath: /run/flannel        - name: flannel-cfg          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/      volumes:        - name: run          hostPath:            path: /run/flannel        - name: cni          hostPath:            path: /etc/cni/net.d        - name: flannel-cfg          configMap:            name: kube-flannel-cfg---apiVersion: apps/v1kind: DaemonSetmetadata:  name: kube-flannel-ds-ppc64le  namespace: kube-system  labels:    tier: node    app: flannelspec:  selector:    matchLabels:      app: flannel  template:    metadata:      labels:        tier: node        app: flannel    spec:      affinity:        nodeAffinity:          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:            nodeSelectorTerms:              - matchExpressions:                  - key: beta.kubernetes.io/os                    operator: In                    values:                      - linux                  - key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch                    operator: In                    values:                      - ppc64le      hostNetwork: true      tolerations:      - operator: Exists        effect: NoSchedule      serviceAccountName: flannel      initContainers:      - name: install-cni        image: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-ppc64le        command:        - cp        args:        - -f        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist        volumeMounts:        - name: cni          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d        - name: flannel-cfg          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/      containers:      - name: kube-flannel        image: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-ppc64le        command:        - /opt/bin/flanneld        args:        - --ip-masq        - --kube-subnet-mgr        resources:          requests:            cpu: "100m"            memory: "50Mi"          limits:            cpu: "100m"            memory: "50Mi"        securityContext:          privileged: false          capabilities:             add: ["NET_ADMIN"]        env:        - name: POD_NAME          valueFrom:            fieldRef:              fieldPath: metadata.name        - name: POD_NAMESPACE          valueFrom:            fieldRef:              fieldPath: metadata.namespace        volumeMounts:        - name: run          mountPath: /run/flannel        - name: flannel-cfg          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/      volumes:        - name: run          hostPath:            path: /run/flannel        - name: cni          hostPath:            path: /etc/cni/net.d        - name: flannel-cfg          configMap:            name: kube-flannel-cfg---apiVersion: apps/v1kind: DaemonSetmetadata:  name: kube-flannel-ds-s390x  namespace: kube-system  labels:    tier: node    app: flannelspec:  selector:    matchLabels:      app: flannel  template:    metadata:      labels:        tier: node        app: flannel    spec:      affinity:        nodeAffinity:          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:            nodeSelectorTerms:              - matchExpressions:                  - key: beta.kubernetes.io/os                    operator: In                    values:                      - linux                  - key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch                    operator: In                    values:                      - s390x      hostNetwork: true      tolerations:      - operator: Exists        effect: NoSchedule      serviceAccountName: flannel      initContainers:      - name: install-cni        image: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-s390x        command:        - cp        args:        - -f        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist        volumeMounts:        - name: cni          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d        - name: flannel-cfg          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/      containers:      - name: kube-flannel        image: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-s390x        command:        - /opt/bin/flanneld        args:        - --ip-masq        - --kube-subnet-mgr        resources:          requests:            cpu: "100m"            memory: "50Mi"          limits:            cpu: "100m"            memory: "50Mi"        securityContext:          privileged: false          capabilities:             add: ["NET_ADMIN"]        env:        - name: POD_NAME          valueFrom:            fieldRef:              fieldPath: metadata.name        - name: POD_NAMESPACE          valueFrom:            fieldRef:              fieldPath: metadata.namespace        volumeMounts:        - name: run          mountPath: /run/flannel        - name: flannel-cfg          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/      volumes:        - name: run          hostPath:            path: /run/flannel        - name: cni          hostPath:            path: /etc/cni/net.d        - name: flannel-cfg          configMap:            name: kube-flannel-cfg

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