以太坊环境搭建

sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade

sudo tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.20.4.linux-amd64.tar.gz

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin

export GOROOT=/usr/local/go  export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin

mkdir $HOME/go

go version

sudo apt install curlcurl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_10.x | sudo -E bash -sudo apt-get install -y nodejscurl -sL https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian/pubkey.gpg | sudo apt-key add -sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install yarn

sudo snap install solc

blockchain@ubuntu:~/geth-linux-amd64-1.11.6-ea9e62ca$ geth helpNAME:   geth - the go-ethereum command line interface
USAGE:   geth [global options] command [command options] [arguments...]
VERSION:   1.11.6-stable-ea9e62ca
COMMANDS:   account                Manage accounts   attach                 Start an interactive JavaScript environment (connect to node)   console                Start an interactive JavaScript environment   db                     Low level database operations   dump                   Dump a specific block from storage   dumpconfig             Export configuration values in a TOML format   dumpgenesis            Dumps genesis block JSON configuration to stdout   export                 Export blockchain into file   export-preimages       Export the preimage database into an RLP stream   import                 Import a blockchain file   import-preimages       Import the preimage database from an RLP stream   init                   Bootstrap and initialize a new genesis block   js                     (DEPRECATED) Execute the specified JavaScript files   license                Display license information   makecache              Generate ethash verification cache (for testing)   makedag                Generate ethash mining DAG (for testing)   removedb               Remove blockchain and state databases   show-deprecated-flags  Show flags that have been deprecated   snapshot               A set of commands based on the snapshot   verkle                 A set of experimental verkle tree management commands   version                Print version numbers   version-check          Checks (online) for known Geth security vulnerabilities   wallet                 Manage Ethereum presale wallets   help, h                Shows a list of commands or help for one command
GLOBAL OPTIONS:       --log.rotate                   (default: false)          Enables log file rotation      ACCOUNT       --allow-insecure-unlock        (default: false)          Allow insecure account unlocking when account-related RPCs are exposed by http       --keystore value                        Directory for the keystore (default = inside the datadir)       --lightkdf                     (default: false)          Reduce key-derivation RAM & CPU usage at some expense of KDF strength       --password value                        Password file to use for non-interactive password input       --pcscdpath value              (default: "/run/pcscd/pcscd.comm")          Path to the smartcard daemon (pcscd) socket file       --signer value                          External signer (url or path to ipc file)       --unlock value                          Comma separated list of accounts to unlock       --usb                          (default: false)          Enable monitoring and management of USB hardware wallets      ALIASED (deprecated)       --nousb                        (default: false)          Disables monitoring for and managing USB hardware wallets (deprecated)       --whitelist value                       Comma separated block number-to-hash mappings to enforce (<number>=<hash>)          (deprecated in favor of --eth.requiredblocks)      API AND CONSOLE       --authrpc.addr value           (default: "localhost")          Listening address for authenticated APIs       --authrpc.jwtsecret value               Path to a JWT secret to use for authenticated RPC endpoints       --authrpc.port value           (default: 8551)          Listening port for authenticated APIs       --authrpc.vhosts value         (default: "localhost")          Comma separated list of virtual hostnames from which to accept requests (server          enforced). Accepts '*' wildcard.       --exec value                            Execute JavaScript statement       --graphql                      (default: false)          Enable GraphQL on the HTTP-RPC server. Note that GraphQL can only be started if          an HTTP server is started as well.       --graphql.corsdomain value              Comma separated list of domains from which to accept cross origin requests          (browser enforced)       --graphql.vhosts value         (default: "localhost")          Comma separated list of virtual hostnames from which to accept requests (server          enforced). Accepts '*' wildcard.       --header value, -H value                Pass custom headers to the RPC server when using --remotedb or the geth attach          console. This flag can be given multiple times.       --http                         (default: false)          Enable the HTTP-RPC server       --http.addr value              (default: "localhost")          HTTP-RPC server listening interface       --http.api value                        API's offered over the HTTP-RPC interface       --http.corsdomain value                 Comma separated list of domains from which to accept cross origin requests          (browser enforced)       --http.port value              (default: 8545)          HTTP-RPC server listening port       --http.rpcprefix value                  HTTP path path prefix on which JSON-RPC is served. Use '/' to serve on all          paths.       --http.vhosts value            (default: "localhost")          Comma separated list of virtual hostnames from which to accept requests (server          enforced). Accepts '*' wildcard.       --ipcdisable                   (default: false)          Disable the IPC-RPC server       --ipcpath value                         Filename for IPC socket/pipe within the datadir (explicit paths escape it)       --jspath value                 (default: .)          JavaScript root path for `loadScript`       --preload value                         Comma separated list of JavaScript files to preload into the console       --rpc.allow-unprotected-txs    (default: false)          Allow for unprotected (non EIP155 signed) transactions to be submitted via RPC       --rpc.enabledeprecatedpersonal (default: false)          Enables the (deprecated) personal namespace       --rpc.evmtimeout value         (default: 5s)          Sets a timeout used for eth_call (0=infinite)       --rpc.gascap value             (default: 50000000)          Sets a cap on gas that can be used in eth_call/estimateGas (0=infinite)       --rpc.txfeecap value           (default: 1)          Sets a cap on transaction fee (in ether) that can be sent via the RPC APIs (0 =          no cap)       --ws                           (default: false)          Enable the WS-RPC server       --ws.addr value                (default: "localhost")          WS-RPC server listening interface       --ws.api value                          API's offered over the WS-RPC interface       --ws.origins value                      Origins from which to accept websockets requests       --ws.port value                (default: 8546)          WS-RPC server listening port       --ws.rpcprefix value                    HTTP path prefix on which JSON-RPC is served. Use '/' to serve on all paths.      DEVELOPER CHAIN       --dev                          (default: false)          Ephemeral proof-of-authority network with a pre-funded developer account, mining          enabled       --dev.gaslimit value           (default: 11500000)          Initial block gas limit       --dev.period value             (default: 0)          Block period to use in developer mode (0 = mine only if transaction pending)      ETHASH       --ethash.cachedir value                 Directory to store the ethash verification caches (default = inside the datadir)       --ethash.cachesinmem value     (default: 2)          Number of recent ethash caches to keep in memory (16MB each)       --ethash.cacheslockmmap        (default: false)          Lock memory maps of recent ethash caches       --ethash.cachesondisk value    (default: 3)          Number of recent ethash caches to keep on disk (16MB each)       --ethash.dagdir value          (default: /home/blockchain/.ethash)          Directory to store the ethash mining DAGs       --ethash.dagsinmem value       (default: 1)          Number of recent ethash mining DAGs to keep in memory (1+GB each)       --ethash.dagslockmmap          (default: false)          Lock memory maps for recent ethash mining DAGs       --ethash.dagsondisk value      (default: 2)          Number of recent ethash mining DAGs to keep on disk (1+GB each)      ETHEREUM       --bloomfilter.size value       (default: 2048)          Megabytes of memory allocated to bloom-filter for pruning       --config value                          TOML configuration file       --datadir value                (default: /home/blockchain/.ethereum)          Data directory for the databases and keystore       --datadir.ancient value                 Root directory for ancient data (default = inside chaindata)       --datadir.minfreedisk value             Minimum free disk space in MB, once reached triggers auto shut down (default =          --cache.gc converted to MB, 0 = disabled)       --db.engine value              (default: "leveldb")          Backing database implementation to use ('leveldb' or 'pebble')       --eth.requiredblocks value              Comma separated block number-to-hash mappings to require for peering          (<number>=<hash>)       --exitwhensynced               (default: false)          Exits after block synchronisation completes       --gcmode value                 (default: "full")          Blockchain garbage collection mode ("full", "archive")       --goerli                       (default: false)          Görli network: pre-configured proof-of-authority test network       --mainnet                      (default: false)          Ethereum mainnet       --networkid value              (default: 1)          Explicitly set network id (integer)(For testnets: use --rinkeby, --goerli,          --sepolia instead)       --override.shanghai value      (default: 0)          Manually specify the Shanghai fork timestamp, overriding the bundled setting       --rinkeby                      (default: false)          Rinkeby network: pre-configured proof-of-authority test network       --sepolia                      (default: false)          Sepolia network: pre-configured proof-of-work test network       --snapshot                     (default: true)          Enables snapshot-database mode (default = enable)       --syncmode value               (default: snap)          Blockchain sync mode ("snap", "full" or "light")       --txlookuplimit value          (default: 2350000)          Number of recent blocks to maintain transactions index for (default = about one          year, 0 = entire chain)      GAS PRICE ORACLE       --gpo.blocks value             (default: 20)          Number of recent blocks to check for gas prices       --gpo.ignoreprice value        (default: 2)          Gas price below which gpo will ignore transactions       --gpo.maxprice value           (default: 500000000000)          Maximum transaction priority fee (or gasprice before London fork) to be          recommended by gpo       --gpo.percentile value         (default: 60)          Suggested gas price is the given percentile of a set of recent transaction gas          prices      LIGHT CLIENT       --light.egress value           (default: 0)          Outgoing bandwidth limit for serving light clients (kilobytes/sec, 0 =          unlimited)       --light.ingress value          (default: 0)          Incoming bandwidth limit for serving light clients (kilobytes/sec, 0 =          unlimited)       --light.maxpeers value         (default: 100)          Maximum number of light clients to serve, or light servers to attach to       --light.nopruning              (default: false)          Disable ancient light chain data pruning       --light.nosyncserve            (default: false)          Enables serving light clients before syncing       --light.serve value            (default: 0)          Maximum percentage of time allowed for serving LES requests (multi-threaded          processing allows values over 100)       --ulc.fraction value           (default: 75)          Minimum % of trusted ultra-light servers required to announce a new head       --ulc.onlyannounce             (default: false)          Ultra light server sends announcements only       --ulc.servers value                     List of trusted ultra-light servers      LOGGING AND DEBUGGING       --fakepow                      (default: false)          Disables proof-of-work verification       --log.backtrace value                   Request a stack trace at a specific logging statement (e.g. "block.go:271")       --log.compress                 (default: false)          Compress the log files       --log.debug                    (default: false)          Prepends log messages with call-site location (file and line number)       --log.file value                        Write logs to a file       --log.format value                      Log format to use (json|logfmt|terminal)       --log.maxage value             (default: 30)          Maximum number of days to retain a log file       --log.maxbackups value         (default: 10)          Maximum number of log files to retain       --log.maxsize value            (default: 100)          Maximum size in MBs of a single log file       --log.vmodule value                     Per-module verbosity: comma-separated list of <pattern>=<level> (e.g.          eth/*=5,p2p=4)       --nocompaction                 (default: false)          Disables db compaction after import       --pprof                        (default: false)          Enable the pprof HTTP server       --pprof.addr value             (default: "127.0.0.1")          pprof HTTP server listening interface       --pprof.blockprofilerate value (default: 0)          Turn on block profiling with the given rate       --pprof.cpuprofile value                Write CPU profile to the given file       --pprof.memprofilerate value   (default: 524288)          Turn on memory profiling with the given rate       --pprof.port value             (default: 6060)          pprof HTTP server listening port       --remotedb value                        URL for remote database       --trace value                           Write execution trace to the given file       --verbosity value              (default: 3)          Logging verbosity: 0=silent, 1=error, 2=warn, 3=info, 4=debug, 5=detail      METRICS AND STATS       --ethstats value                        Reporting URL of a ethstats service (nodename:secret@host:port)       --metrics                      (default: false)          Enable metrics collection and reporting       --metrics.addr value                    Enable stand-alone metrics HTTP server listening interface.       --metrics.expensive            (default: false)          Enable expensive metrics collection and reporting       --metrics.influxdb             (default: false)          Enable metrics export/push to an external InfluxDB database       --metrics.influxdb.bucket value (default: "geth")          InfluxDB bucket name to push reported metrics to (v2 only)       --metrics.influxdb.database value (default: "geth")          InfluxDB database name to push reported metrics to       --metrics.influxdb.endpoint value (default: "http://localhost:8086")          InfluxDB API endpoint to report metrics to       --metrics.influxdb.organization value (default: "geth")          InfluxDB organization name (v2 only)       --metrics.influxdb.password value (default: "test")          Password to authorize access to the database       --metrics.influxdb.tags value  (default: "host=localhost")          Comma-separated InfluxDB tags (key/values) attached to all measurements       --metrics.influxdb.token value (default: "test")          Token to authorize access to the database (v2 only)       --metrics.influxdb.username value (default: "test")          Username to authorize access to the database       --metrics.influxdbv2           (default: false)          Enable metrics export/push to an external InfluxDB v2 database       --metrics.port value           (default: 6060)          Metrics HTTP server listening port.          Please note that --metrics.addr must be set          to start the server.      MINER       --mine                         (default: false)          Enable mining       --miner.etherbase value                 0x prefixed public address for block mining rewards       --miner.extradata value                 Block extra data set by the miner (default = client version)       --miner.gaslimit value         (default: 30000000)          Target gas ceiling for mined blocks       --miner.gasprice value         (default: 0)          Minimum gas price for mining a transaction       --miner.newpayload-timeout value (default: 2s)          Specify the maximum time allowance for creating a new payload       --miner.notify value                    Comma separated HTTP URL list to notify of new work packages       --miner.notify.full            (default: false)          Notify with pending block headers instead of work packages       --miner.noverify               (default: false)          Disable remote sealing verification       --miner.recommit value         (default: 2s)          Time interval to recreate the block being mined       --miner.threads value          (default: 0)          Number of CPU threads to use for mining      MISC       --help, -h                     (default: false)          show help       --synctarget value                      File for containing the hex-encoded block-rlp as sync target(dev feature)       --version, -v                  (default: false)          print the version      NETWORKING       --bootnodes value                       Comma separated enode URLs for P2P discovery bootstrap       --discovery.dns value                   Sets DNS discovery entry points (use "" to disable DNS)       --discovery.port value         (default: 30303)          Use a custom UDP port for P2P discovery       --identity value                        Custom node name       --maxpeers value               (default: 50)          Maximum number of network peers (network disabled if set to 0)       --maxpendpeers value           (default: 0)          Maximum number of pending connection attempts (defaults used if set to 0)       --nat value                    (default: "any")          NAT port mapping mechanism (any|none|upnp|pmp|pmp:<IP>|extip:<IP>)       --netrestrict value                     Restricts network communication to the given IP networks (CIDR masks)       --nodekey value                         P2P node key file       --nodekeyhex value                      P2P node key as hex (for testing)       --nodiscover                   (default: false)          Disables the peer discovery mechanism (manual peer addition)       --port value                   (default: 30303)          Network listening port       --v5disc                       (default: false)          Enables the experimental RLPx V5 (Topic Discovery) mechanism      PERFORMANCE TUNING       --cache value                  (default: 1024)          Megabytes of memory allocated to internal caching (default = 4096 mainnet full          node, 128 light mode)       --cache.blocklogs value        (default: 32)          Size (in number of blocks) of the log cache for filtering       --cache.database value         (default: 50)          Percentage of cache memory allowance to use for database io       --cache.gc value               (default: 25)          Percentage of cache memory allowance to use for trie pruning (default = 25% full          mode, 0% archive mode)       --cache.noprefetch             (default: false)          Disable heuristic state prefetch during block import (less CPU and disk IO, more          time waiting for data)       --cache.preimages              (default: false)          Enable recording the SHA3/keccak preimages of trie keys       --cache.snapshot value         (default: 10)          Percentage of cache memory allowance to use for snapshot caching (default = 10%          full mode, 20% archive mode)       --cache.trie value             (default: 15)          Percentage of cache memory allowance to use for trie caching (default = 15% full          mode, 30% archive mode)       --cache.trie.journal value     (default: "triecache")          Disk journal directory for trie cache to survive node restarts       --cache.trie.rejournal value   (default: 1h0m0s)          Time interval to regenerate the trie cache journal       --fdlimit value                (default: 0)          Raise the open file descriptor resource limit (default = system fd limit)      TRANSACTION POOL       --txpool.accountqueue value    (default: 64)          Maximum number of non-executable transaction slots permitted per account       --txpool.accountslots value    (default: 16)          Minimum number of executable transaction slots guaranteed per account       --txpool.globalqueue value     (default: 1024)          Maximum number of non-executable transaction slots for all accounts       --txpool.globalslots value     (default: 5120)          Maximum number of executable transaction slots for all accounts       --txpool.journal value         (default: "transactions.rlp")          Disk journal for local transaction to survive node restarts       --txpool.lifetime value        (default: 3h0m0s)          Maximum amount of time non-executable transaction are queued       --txpool.locals value                   Comma separated accounts to treat as locals (no flush, priority inclusion)       --txpool.nolocals              (default: false)          Disables price exemptions for locally submitted transactions       --txpool.pricebump value       (default: 10)          Price bump percentage to replace an already existing transaction       --txpool.pricelimit value      (default: 1)          Minimum gas price limit to enforce for acceptance into the pool       --txpool.rejournal value       (default: 1h0m0s)          Time interval to regenerate the local transaction journal      VIRTUAL MACHINE       --vmdebug                      (default: false)          Record information useful for VM and contract debugging   
COPYRIGHT:   Copyright 2013-2023 The go-ethereum Authors

geth --networkid 3 console

geth --rinkeby console