Python AsyncIO 学习笔记

asyncio 是在 Python 3.4 中引入的异步 IO 标准库.

简单介绍一下什么是同步 IO / 异步 IO.

同步 IO: 你和女朋友去约会, 你需要一直等着她来, 之后你才能和她吃饭.
异步 IO: 你和女朋友去约会, 在她来的路上你不用一直等着, 可以去买礼物什么的.

async/await/future

Python 3.5 引出的语法糖

async 创建协程, await 当协程阻塞时将其挂起并让步操作给其它协程, future 包装协程.

通过 asyncio.sleep() 模拟 IO 操作.

import asyncio

async def hello(s):
print('Waiting '+str(s))
await asyncio.sleep(s)
print('Done '+str(s))
return 'Res '+str(s)

tasks = [
asyncio.ensure_future(hello(1)),
asyncio.ensure_future(hello(2)),
asyncio.ensure_future(hello(3))
]

loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.wait(tasks))
for task in tasks:
print(task.result())

输出

Waiting 1
Waiting 2
Waiting 3
Done 1
Done 2
Done 3
Res 1
Res 2
Res 3

callback

当协程执行完毕时调用 callback

import asyncio

async def hello():
print('Hello World')

def callback(future):
print('Done')

coro = asyncio.ensure_future(hello())
coro.add_done_callback(callback)
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(coro)

输出

Hello World
Done

aiohttp

aiohttp 是基于 asyncio 的 HTTP 框架.

aiohttp.request 用于发起 HTTP 请求.

import asyncio
import aiohttp

async def req(s):
print('Requesting '+str(s))
async with aiohttp.request('GET',s) as response:
res = await response.read()
print('Receiving from '+str(s))

urls = ['http://www.baidu.com/','http://www.qq.com','http://www.163.com/']
tasks = []

for url in urls:
coro = asyncio.ensure_future(req(url))
tasks.append(coro)

loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.wait(tasks))

输出

Requesting http://www.baidu.com/
Requesting http://www.qq.com
Requesting http://www.163.com/
Receiving from http://www.baidu.com/
Receiving from http://www.qq.com
Receiving from http://www.163.com/

aiohttp.ClientSession 同样也能发起 HTTP 请求.

import asyncio
import aiohttp

async def req(s):
print('Requesting '+str(s))
async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
async with session.get(s) as response:
res = await response.read()
print('Receiving from '+str(s))

urls = ['http://www.baidu.com/','http://www.qq.com','http://www.163.com/']
tasks = []

for url in urls:
coro = asyncio.ensure_future(req(url))
tasks.append(coro)

loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.wait(tasks))

输出

Requesting http://www.baidu.com/
Requesting http://www.qq.com
Requesting http://www.163.com/
Receiving from http://www.baidu.com/
Receiving from http://www.qq.com
Receiving from http://www.163.com/

- By:X1r0z[exp10it.cn]