Linux-Basics-For-Hacker(文本操作)

文本操作

在 Linux 系统中,我们处理的一切都是文件,并且绝大多数都是文本文件;举个例子,在 Linux 系统中,所有的配置文件都是文本文件。所以我们只需要打开文件,更改文件的内容,保存文件,再重新启动应用就可以更改应用配置.

查看文件cat

查看文件最基本的命令就是 cat，但是cat存在限制，例如我们使用cat命令打印位于etc/apache2下的配置文件（apache2.conf）

┌──(rootðkali)-[/etc/apache2]
└─$cat apache2.conf 
# This is the main Apache server configuration file.  It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/ for detailed information about
# the directives and /usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian about Debian specific
# hints.
#
#
# Summary of how the Apache 2 configuration works in Debian:
# The Apache 2 web server configuration in Debian is quite different to
.
.
.
# Include the virtual host configurations:
IncludeOptional sites-enabled/*.conf

# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4      
┌──(rootðkali)-[/etc/apache2]
└─$

cat会立刻把整个屏幕占满，显示整个的conf文件，但是这不是最方便与实用的方法，head和tail两个命令只显示部分内容，用来简单的查看关键点。

查看开头head

head命令默认显示文件的前十行

┌──(rootðkali)-[/etc/apache2]
└─$ head apache2.conf                                                              
# This is the main Apache server configuration file.  It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/ for detailed information about
# the directives and /usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian about Debian specific
# hints.
#
#
# Summary of how the Apache 2 configuration works in Debian:
# The Apache 2 web server configuration in Debian is quite different to
# upstream's suggested way to configure the web server. This is because Debian's

#如果想看多于或者少于默认10行，可以使用连接符 - 

┌──(rootðkali)-[/etc/apache2]
└─$head -5 apache2.conf 
# This is the main Apache server configuration file.  It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/ for detailed information about
# the directives and /usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian about Debian specific
# hints.
                                        

查看结尾tail

tail 命令 和 head 命令相似。只是 tail 命令用于查看文件最后几行。使用 tail 查看apache2.conf

┌──(rootðkali)-[/etc/apache2]
└─$ tail apache2.conf                   
# Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files,
# see README.Debian for details.

# Include generic snippets of statements
IncludeOptional conf-enabled/*.conf

# Include the virtual host configurations:
IncludeOptional sites-enabled/*.conf

# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet

#同样的，tail默认也是打印10行，如果需要更多的，同head一样使用连接符-  在此就不再做演示

TIKS:

**查看端口**
netstat -tunlp

•   -t  查看tcp协议

•   -u 查看udp协议

•   -n 以数字形式查看

•   -l 监听的端口

•   -p 查看哪个程序使用

•   Web服务程序 -- apache2

**显示运行系统进程**
ps aux

**systemctl 系统服务控制工具**

•   systemctl [options...] command...
•   systemctl 命令 服务名称
•       常用命令：
•       start启动
•       stop 停止
•       restart 重启
•   systemctl start apache2

**查看命令执行状态**
echo $? 

**ssh服务**
常用于远程连接（安全）
默认端口号 tcp/22

原文始发于微信公众号（黑荆棘安全攻防实验室）：Linux-Basics-For-Hacker(文本操作)