【Linux命令】每天一个Linux命令（5）：cp命令

cp

cp [选项] 源文件 目标文件

cp file1.txt file2.txt

cp file1.txt file2.txt directory/

cp -r sourcedir/ destination/

cp -i file.txt destination/

[root@iZb5dlyg1ebe6oZ ~]# cp --helpUsage: cp [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST  or:  cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY  or:  cp [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.  -a, --archive                same as -dR --preserve=all      --attributes-only        don't copy the file data, just the attributes      --backup[=CONTROL]       make a backup of each existing destination file  -b                           like --backup but does not accept an argument      --copy-contents          copy contents of special files when recursive  -d                           same as --no-dereference --preserve=links  -f, --force                  if an existing destination file cannot be                                 opened, remove it and try again (this option                                 is ignored when the -n option is also used)  -i, --interactive            prompt before overwrite (overrides a previous -n                                  option)  -H                           follow command-line symbolic links in SOURCE  -l, --link                   hard link files instead of copying  -L, --dereference            always follow symbolic links in SOURCE  -n, --no-clobber             do not overwrite an existing file (overrides                                 a previous -i option)  -P, --no-dereference         never follow symbolic links in SOURCE  -p                           same as --preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps      --preserve[=ATTR_LIST]   preserve the specified attributes (default:                                 mode,ownership,timestamps), if possible                                 additional attributes: context, links, xattr,                                 all  -c                           deprecated, same as --preserve=context      --no-preserve=ATTR_LIST  don't preserve the specified attributes      --parents                use full source file name under DIRECTORY  -R, -r, --recursive          copy directories recursively      --reflink[=WHEN]         control clone/CoW copies. See below      --remove-destination     remove each existing destination file before                                 attempting to open it (contrast with --force)      --sparse=WHEN            control creation of sparse files. See below      --strip-trailing-slashes  remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE                                 argument  -s, --symbolic-link          make symbolic links instead of copying  -S, --suffix=SUFFIX          override the usual backup suffix  -t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY  copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY  -T, --no-target-directory    treat DEST as a normal file  -u, --update                 copy only when the SOURCE file is newer                                 than the destination file or when the                                 destination file is missing  -v, --verbose                explain what is being done  -x, --one-file-system        stay on this file system  -Z                           set SELinux security context of destination                                 file to default type      --context[=CTX]          like -Z, or if CTX is specified then set the                                 SELinux or SMACK security context to CTX      --help     display this help and exit      --version  output version information and exit
By default, sparse SOURCE files are detected by a crude heuristic and thecorresponding DEST file is made sparse as well.  That is the behaviorselected by --sparse=auto.  Specify --sparse=always to create a sparse DESTfile whenever the SOURCE file contains a long enough sequence of zero bytes.Use --sparse=never to inhibit creation of sparse files.
When --reflink[=always] is specified, perform a lightweight copy, where thedata blocks are copied only when modified.  If this is not possible the copyfails, or if --reflink=auto is specified, fall back to a standard copy.Use --reflink=never to ensure a standard copy is performed.
The backup suffix is '~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or throughthe VERSION_CONTROL environment variable.  Here are the values:
  none, off       never make backups (even if --backup is given)  numbered, t     make numbered backups  existing, nil   numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise  simple, never   always make simple backups
As a special case, cp makes a backup of SOURCE when the force and backupoptions are given and SOURCE and DEST are the same name for an existing,regular file.
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/cp>or available locally via: info '(coreutils) cp invocation'[root@iZb5dlyg1ebe6oZ ~]# cp --helpUsage: cp [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST  or:  cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY  or:  cp [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.  -a, --archive                same as -dR --preserve=all      --attributes-only        don't copy the file data, just the attributes      --backup[=CONTROL]       make a backup of each existing destination file  -b                           like --backup but does not accept an argument      --copy-contents          copy contents of special files when recursive  -d                           same as --no-dereference --preserve=links  -f, --force                  if an existing destination file cannot be                                 opened, remove it and try again (this option                                 is ignored when the -n option is also used)  -i, --interactive            prompt before overwrite (overrides a previous -n                                  option)  -H                           follow command-line symbolic links in SOURCE  -l, --link                   hard link files instead of copying  -L, --dereference            always follow symbolic links in SOURCE  -n, --no-clobber             do not overwrite an existing file (overrides                                 a previous -i option)  -P, --no-dereference         never follow symbolic links in SOURCE  -p                           same as --preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps      --preserve[=ATTR_LIST]   preserve the specified attributes (default:                                 mode,ownership,timestamps), if possible                                 additional attributes: context, links, xattr,                                 all  -c                           deprecated, same as --preserve=context      --no-preserve=ATTR_LIST  don't preserve the specified attributes      --parents                use full source file name under DIRECTORY  -R, -r, --recursive          copy directories recursively      --reflink[=WHEN]         control clone/CoW copies. See below      --remove-destination     remove each existing destination file before                                 attempting to open it (contrast with --force)      --sparse=WHEN            control creation of sparse files. See below      --strip-trailing-slashes  remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE                                 argument  -s, --symbolic-link          make symbolic links instead of copying  -S, --suffix=SUFFIX          override the usual backup suffix  -t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY  copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY  -T, --no-target-directory    treat DEST as a normal file  -u, --update                 copy only when the SOURCE file is newer                                 than the destination file or when the                                 destination file is missing  -v, --verbose                explain what is being done  -x, --one-file-system        stay on this file system  -Z                           set SELinux security context of destination                                 file to default type      --context[=CTX]          like -Z, or if CTX is specified then set the                                 SELinux or SMACK security context to CTX      --help     display this help and exit      --version  output version information and exit
By default, sparse SOURCE files are detected by a crude heuristic and thecorresponding DEST file is made sparse as well.  That is the behaviorselected by --sparse=auto.  Specify --sparse=always to create a sparse DESTfile whenever the SOURCE file contains a long enough sequence of zero bytes.Use --sparse=never to inhibit creation of sparse files.
When --reflink[=always] is specified, perform a lightweight copy, where thedata blocks are copied only when modified.  If this is not possible the copyfails, or if --reflink=auto is specified, fall back to a standard copy.Use --reflink=never to ensure a standard copy is performed.
The backup suffix is '~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or throughthe VERSION_CONTROL environment variable.  Here are the values:
  none, off       never make backups (even if --backup is given)  numbered, t     make numbered backups  existing, nil   numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise  simple, never   always make simple backups
As a special case, cp makes a backup of SOURCE when the force and backupoptions are given and SOURCE and DEST are the same name for an existing,regular file.
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/cp>or available locally via: info '(coreutils) cp invocation'