摘 要
RFID技术是自动识别技术之一,是一种广泛使用的无线技术,它采用低功率无线电波来自动识别标记对象,并从中获取数据。尽管多年来光学条形码因其成本低一直占据主导地位,但它们的读取距离受限,信息存储容量低,以及需要大量人工干预操作。传统RFID克服了上述光学条形码的缺点,但RFID的成本却变成了一个非常重要的问题。本文回顾了无芯RFID,它比现有的自动识别技术受益良多,概述了传统RFID和无芯RFID标签的比较、无芯标签的分类以及其设备设计方面的问题和应用等,最后讨论了无芯RFID面临的挑战及未来的研究方向。
RFID简介
图1 基本RFID系统示意图
有芯RFID标签和无芯RFID标签
表1 有芯RFID标签和无芯RFID标签的比较
无芯标签的分类
图2 标签天线的关键特性
无芯RFID设备的设计挑战
无芯射频识别的应用
无芯射频识别传感器
图3 无芯RFID传感器系统示意
当前的挑战和未来的方向
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作者:白广轩 中国科学院信息工程研究所
责编:向灵孜
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