前言
- 对于MongoDB学习注入之前，先进行一些知识储备
- 环境-ubuntu18.04
基本启动操作
MongoDB的服务启动
查询MongoDB的端口
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netstat -tulnp|grep mongo #一般27017
关闭MongoDB可以直接kill ps auxw里面杀死pid进程
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打开MongoDB的客户端
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find / -name mongo -print #找到客户端的位置
/usr/bin/mongo 127.0.0.1:27017 #直接进入和mysql一样登陆一样
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基本命令
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show dbs; #数据库
user admin; #使用x数据库
show tables; #显示当前表
db.myuser.find(); #显示myuser表中所有数据
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实际情况
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> show dbs;
admin 0.000GB
config 0.000GB
local 0.000GB
shijiange 0.000GB
> use shijiange
switched to db shijiange
> show tables;
myuser
> db.myuser.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e55db3da451c7b659eb3"), "name" : "shijiange1", "age" : 20 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e562b3da451c7b659eb4"), "name" : "shijiange2", "age" : 30 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e567b3da451c7b659eb5"), "name" : "shijiange3", "age" : 40 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e56cb3da451c7b659eb6"), "name" : "shijiange4", "age" : 50 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e57cb3da451c7b659eb7"), "name" : "zhangsan4", "age" : 50 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e580b3da451c7b659eb8"), "name" : "zhangsan3", "age" : 50 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e58ab3da451c7b659eb9"), "name" : "zhangsan2", "age" : 40 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e58fb3da451c7b659eba"), "name" : "zhangsan1", "age" : 20 }
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MongoDB集合的多种查询方式
pretty易读的方式
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>db.myuser.find().pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("6109e55db3da451c7b659eb3"),
"name" : "shijiange1",
"age" : 20
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("6109e562b3da451c7b659eb4"),
"name" : "shijiange2",
"age" : 30
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("6109e567b3da451c7b659eb5"),
"name" : "shijiange3",
"age" : 40
}
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和mysql一样的limit查询，可以利用skip来分页查询
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> db.myuser.find().limit(2)
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e55db3da451c7b659eb3"), "name" : "shijiange1", "age" : 20 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e562b3da451c7b659eb4"), "name" : "shijiange2", "age" : 30 }
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MongoDB进行排序
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> db.myuser.find().sort({age:1})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e55db3da451c7b659eb3"), "name" : "shijiange1", "age" : 20 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e58fb3da451c7b659eba"), "name" : "zhangsan1", "age" : 20 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e562b3da451c7b659eb4"), "name" : "shijiange2", "age" : 30 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e567b3da451c7b659eb5"), "name" : "shijiange3", "age" : 40 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e58ab3da451c7b659eb9"), "name" : "zhangsan2", "age" : 40 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e56cb3da451c7b659eb6"), "name" : "shijiange4", "age" : 50 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e57cb3da451c7b659eb7"), "name" : "zhangsan4", "age" : 50 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e580b3da451c7b659eb8"), "name" : "zhangsan3", "age" : 50 }
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根据字段进行数字比较查询
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$gt #大于 greatest 方便记忆
$lt #小于 lowest
$gte #大于或等于 greatest equal
$lte #小于或等于 lowest equal
$ne : !=、<>
$in : in
$nin: not in
$all: all
$not: 反匹配(1.3.3及以上版本)
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查询小于30的
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> db.myuser.find({"age":{$lt:30}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e55db3da451c7b659eb3"), "name" : "shijiange1", "age" : 20 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e58fb3da451c7b659eba"), "name" : "zhangsan1", "age" : 20 }
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多种查询条件之查询姓名为shijiange1的
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> db.myuser.find({name:'shijiange1'})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e55db3da451c7b659eb3"), "name" : "shijiange1", "age" : 20 }
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or查询两条数据
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> db.myuser.find({$or:[{name:'shijiange1'},{name:'shijiange2'}]})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e55db3da451c7b659eb3"), "name" : "shijiange1", "age" : 20 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e562b3da451c7b659eb4"), "name" : "shijiange2", "age" : 30 }
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and查询两个同时满足的条件
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> db.myuser.find({$and:[{name:'shijiange1'},{age:20}]})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e55db3da451c7b659eb3"), "name" : "shijiange1", "age" : 20 }
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MongoDB普通正则和扩展正则查询
限制主键为name的数据shijiange[0-9]
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> db.myuser.find({"name":{$regex:"shijiange[0-9]"}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e55db3da451c7b659eb3"), "name" : "shijiange1", "age" : 20 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e562b3da451c7b659eb4"), "name" : "shijiange2", "age" : 30 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e567b3da451c7b659eb5"), "name" : "shijiange3", "age" : 40 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e56cb3da451c7b659eb6"), "name" : "shijiange4", "age" : 50 }
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匹配姓名中包含zhangsan的数据
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> db.myuser.find({"name":{$regex:"(zhangsan)"}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e57cb3da451c7b659eb7"), "name" : "zhangsan4", "age" : 50 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e580b3da451c7b659eb8"), "name" : "zhangsan3", "age" : 50 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e58ab3da451c7b659eb9"), "name" : "zhangsan2", "age" : 40 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109e58fb3da451c7b659eba"), "name" : "zhangsan1", "age" : 20 }
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利用for循环查询100条测试数据
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> for(i=1; i<=100; i++){
... db.myuser.insert({name:'mytest'+i, age:i})
... }
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
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![image-20210804094132355]()
利用count查看当前表中的记录数目
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> db.myuser.count()
100 #100条记录
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范围查询
查询从2到10之间的数据
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> db.myuser.find({"age":{$gte:2,$lte:10}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109f00b92cc83f32e90ec0d"), "name" : "mytest2", "age" : 2 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109f00b92cc83f32e90ec0e"), "name" : "mytest3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109f00b92cc83f32e90ec0f"), "name" : "mytest4", "age" : 4 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109f00b92cc83f32e90ec10"), "name" : "mytest5", "age" : 5 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109f00b92cc83f32e90ec11"), "name" : "mytest6", "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109f00b92cc83f32e90ec12"), "name" : "mytest7", "age" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109f00b92cc83f32e90ec13"), "name" : "mytest8", "age" : 8 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109f00b92cc83f32e90ec14"), "name" : "mytest9", "age" : 9 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6109f00b92cc83f32e90ec15"), "name" : "mytest10", "age" : 10 }
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FROM:gylq.gitee Author:孤桜懶契
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