CWE-257 以可恢复格式存储口令
Storing Passwords in a Recoverable Format
结构: Simple
Abstraction: Base
状态: Incomplete
被利用可能性: High
基本描述
The storage of passwords in a recoverable format makes them subject to password reuse attacks by malicious users. In fact, it should be noted that recoverable encrypted passwords provide no significant benefit over plaintext passwords since they are subject not only to reuse by malicious attackers but also by malicious insiders. If a system administrator can recover a password directly, or use a brute force search on the available information, the administrator can use the password on other accounts.
相关缺陷
-
cwe_Nature: ChildOf cwe_CWE_ID: 522 cwe_View_ID: 1000 cwe_Ordinal: Primary
-
cwe_Nature: ChildOf cwe_CWE_ID: 522 cwe_View_ID: 699 cwe_Ordinal: Primary
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cwe_Nature: PeerOf cwe_CWE_ID: 259 cwe_View_ID: 1000
适用平台
Language: {'cwe_Class': 'Language-Independent', 'cwe_Prevalence': 'Undetermined'}
常见的影响
| 范围 | 影响 | 注释 |
|---|---|---|
| ['Confidentiality', 'Access Control'] | Gain Privileges or Assume Identity | User's passwords may be revealed. |
| Access Control | Gain Privileges or Assume Identity | Revealed passwords may be reused elsewhere to impersonate the users in question. |
可能的缓解方案
Architecture and Design
策略:
Use strong, non-reversible encryption to protect stored passwords.
示例代码
例
Both of these examples verify a password by comparing it to a stored compressed version.
bad C
return(0);
}
printf("Entering Diagnostic Mode...n");
return(1);
}
bad Java
}
//Diagnostic Mode
return(1);
}
Because a compression algorithm is used instead of a one way hashing algorithm, an attacker can recover compressed passwords stored in the database.
例
The following examples show a portion of properties and configuration files for Java and ASP.NET applications. The files include username and password information but they are stored in plaintext.
This Java example shows a properties file with a plaintext username / password pair.
bad Java
# Java Web App ResourceBundle properties file
...
webapp.ldap.username=secretUsername
webapp.ldap.password=secretPassword
...
The following example shows a portion of a configuration file for an ASP.Net application. This configuration file includes username and password information for a connection to a database but the pair is stored in plaintext.
bad ASP.NET
...
Username and password information should not be included in a configuration file or a properties file in plaintext as this will allow anyone who can read the file access to the resource. If possible, encrypt this information and avoid CWE-260 and CWE-13.
Notes
分类映射
| 映射的分类名 | ImNode ID | Fit | Mapped Node Name |
|---|---|---|---|
| CLASP | Storing passwords in a recoverable format | ||
| Software Fault Patterns | SFP23 | Exposed Data |
相关攻击模式
- CAPEC-49
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